ارزیابی خصوصیات زراعی، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه ارقام باقلا در منطقه سیستان

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی سیستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، زابل، ایران.

2 کارشناس، بخش تحقیقات آب و خاک، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی سیستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، زابل، ایران.

3 کارشناس، سازمان جهاد کشاورزی استان سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران.

4 کارشناس، بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی سیستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، زابل، ایران.

چکیده

به منظور بررسی خصوصیات زراعی، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه ارقام باقلا برای انتخاب بهترین رقم باقلا برای منطقه سیستان آزمایشی در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در دو سال زراعی 94-1392 در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی زهک انجام شد. تجزیه واریانس مرکب داده‌ها نشان داد تفاوت معنی‌دار بین ارقام باقلا از نظر کلیه خصوصیات مورد بررسی در سطح احتمال 1% وجود داشت. عملکرد دانه، عملکرد غلاف سبز و عملکرد پروتئین در سال دوم بیشتر بود. بیشترین میانگین عملکرد دانه خشک (1947 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و عملکرد غلاف سبز (20557 کیلوگرم در هکتار) به رقم سرازیری تعلق داشت. بیشترین میزان پروتئین دانه با میانگین 33 درصد مربوط به رقم شاخ بزی بود. همبستگی بین خصوصیات مختلف نشان داد که همبستگی مثبت و معنی‌داری بین عملکرد دانه با طول غلاف، تعداد غلاف در بوته، وزن غلاف سبز در بوته، عملکرد غلاف سبز و عملکرد پروتئین دانه داشت. بر اساس نتایج حاصل از تجزیه خوشه‌ای ژنوتیپ‌ها از نظر میانگین عملکرد دانه و پروتئین به دو گروه اصلی ارقام با عملکرد بالا و ارقام با عملکرد کمتر گروه‌بندی شد. ارقام شاخ بزی و سرازیری بالاترین عملکرد و پروتئین دانه را در بین سایر ارقام مورد بررسی داشتند. بنابراین با توجه به نتایج و خصوصیات اقتصادی مهم در باقلا (عملکرد دانه و غلاف سبز) دو رقم سرازیری و شاخ بزی که برتر از ارقام دیگر بودند، برای کشت در منطقه سیستان مناسب شناخته شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Agronomic Characteristics, Seed Yield and Yield Components of Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) Varieties in Sistan Region in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • H. R. Fanaei 1
  • A. R. Akbari Moghaddam 2
  • A. Raoufi 3
  • M. Khajehdad Keshtehgar 4
1 Associate Professor, Field and Horticulture Crops Research Department, Sistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Zabol, Iran.
2 2. Expert, Soil and Water Research Department, Sistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Zabol, Iran.
3 Expert, Jihad-e-Agriculture Organization of Sistan and Baluchestan province, Zahedan, Iran.
4 Expert, Field and Horticulture Crops Research Department, Sistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Zabol, Iran
چکیده [English]

To evaluate agronomic characteristics, seed yield and yield components of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) varieties in Sistan region, an experiment was conducted using randomized complete block design with three replications in 2013 and 2014 in agricultural research station of Zahak, Sistan, Iran. Combined analysis of variance showed significant differences (P < 0.01) among varieties for all studied traits. Seed yield, green pod yield and seed protein yield were higher in the second year among the cultivars. The highest seed yield (1947 kg ha-1), and green pod yield (20557 kg ha-1) belonged to Saraziri cultivar. The highest (33%) protein content belonged to Shakhbozee cultivar. Correlation analysis showed significant positive relationship between seed yield, pod length, number of pod per plant, green pod weight plant-1, green pod yield and seed protein yield. Cluster analysis grouped faba bean varities into two main groups of high yielding and lower yielding cultivars. Shakhbozi and Saraziri had the highest seed and protein yields. Therefore, considering results of this research and important economic traits in faba bean (seed yield and green pods yield), Saraziri and Shakhbozi were identified as superior cultivars and suitable for Sistan conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • : Faba bean
  • protein yield
  • green pod weight
  • seed number per pod
  • cluster analysis

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نهال و بذر
دوره 34، شماره 4
بهمن 1397
صفحه 423-446

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