اثر نیترات نقره و تاریکی بر راندمان کشت بساک فلفل دلمه‌ای گلخانه‌ای (.Capsicum annuum L)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه اصلاح نباتات ، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران

3 استاد، موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

آندروژنز به خاطرکارایی زیاد و قابلیت اجرا در بسیاری از گونه‏های گیاهی، پتانسیل بالایی برای استفاده در اصلاح نباتات دارد. در این راستا، کشت بساک معمول‌ترین روش القای هاپلوئیدی است که در برنامه‌های به نژادی به‌طور گسترده‌ای از آن استفاده می‌شود. در این پژوهش به منظور بهبود روش کشت بساک در فلفل دلمه‌ای، اثر چهار دوره تیمار تاریکی و پنج غلظت نیترات نقره بر روی چهار رقم هیبرید فلفل دلمه‌ای (کاملوت، اینسپیریشن‌، پلاتو و کالیفرنیوم) بررسی شدند. نتایج نشان داد که افزایش طول دوره تنش تاریکی از شش روز به ده روز، افزایش درصد بساک‌های جنین‌زا و نیز درصد گیاهچه‌های باززایی‌شده را به همراه داشت. بیشترین میزان جنین‌زایی و باززایی گیاه با استفاده از 10 میلی‌گرم در لیتر نیترات نقره در محیط کشت CPو نگهداری بساک‌های کشت شده به مدت 10 روز در تیمار تاریکی به دست آمد. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین درصد بساک های جنین‌زا (66/16 درصد) در اثر متقابل بین رقم پلاتو و غلظت 10 میلی‌گرم در لیتر نیترات نقره به دست آمد. همچنین از میان غلظت‌های نیترات نقره مورد بررسی، بیشترین درصد گیاهچه‌های باززایی شده (71/11%) با استفاده از 10 میلی‌گرم در لیتر نیترات نقره به دست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Silver Nitrate and Dark on Anther Culture Efficiency of Greenhouse Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. J Zamani 1
  • َA. Moieni 2
  • R. Choukan 3
1 Assistant Professor, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
3 Professor, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Androgenesis has great potential in plant breeding due to its high efficiency and applicability in many plant species. Anther culture is one of the most common technique to induce haploids in plant breeding programs. In this study, to optimize anther culture of bell pepper, the effects of four darkness periods and five concentration levels of silver nitrate were studied in four commercial hybrids; Kamelot, Inspiration, Plato and Californium. The results showed that increasing dark treatment from six to ten days, increased the percentage of embryogenic anthers and the percentage of regenerated plantlets. The highest percentages of embryogenic anthers and regenerated plantlets were obtained using 10 mg l-1 of silver nitrate and incubating anthers cultured in CP medium for 10 days in darkness. The results also showed that the highest percentage of embryogenic anthers (16.66%) was observed in the interaction effect between 10 mg l-1 of silver nitrate and cv. Plato. Also, among the studied concentrations of silver nitrates, the highest percentage of regenerated plantlets (11.71%) was obtained using 10 mg l-1 of silver nitrate.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bell pepper
  • androgenesis
  • plant Regeneration
  • regenerated plantlet and embryogenesis
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