تعیین رابطه ژنتیکی ارقام و ژنوتیپ‌های درخت به جمع‌آوری شده از مراکز پیدایش و تنوع این گونه با استفاده از نشانگرهای SSR

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران

2 بخش ژنومیکس، پژوهشکده بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج

3 پژوهشکده میوه‌های معتدله و سردسیری، موسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

4 بخش کشت بافت و انتثقال ژن، پژوهشگاه بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی

5 گروه بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران،

چکیده

مرکز پیدایش گونه به (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) منطقه تالش در شمال‌غرب ایران و قفقاز است و مراکز تنوع متعدد آن در ایران، جمهوری آذربایجان، ترکیه و اروپا وجود دارد. در این پژوهش، روابط ژنتیکی ژنوتیپ‌ها و ارقام مهم به جمع‌آوری شده و یا منشاء گرفته از مرکز پیدایش این گونه در غرب استان گیلان و منطقه قفقاز در جمهوری آذربایجان و مقایسه آن با ژنوتیپ‌ها، جمعیت‌ها و ارقام چند مرکز تنوع شامل استان‌های خراسان رضوی، اصفهان، اردبیل، آذربایجان غربی، تهران و نیز ژنوتیپ‌هائی از ترکیه و اروپا با استفاده از 12 و 14 نشانگر SSR سیب و گلابی بررسی شد. بر اساس نتایج، ضمن انتقال‌پذیری موفق نشانگرهای سیب و گلابی به گونه به، تمایز گونه‌های به ژاپنی و چینی از جنس Cydonia صورت گرفت و 63 گونه، رقم و ژنوتیپ مورد بررسی در هفت خوشه اصلی گروه‌بندی شدند. بالاترین فراوانی آللی (968/0) برای نشانگرهای CH03g06 و KU10 مشاهده شد. ژرم‌پلاسم اروپا در خوشه مستقل و برعکس پایه کوئینس C با ژرم‌پلاسم شمال‌غرب ایران و قفقاز گروه‌بندی شد که تاییدکننده منشاء این پایه از این مناطق است. تجزیه ساختار ژنتیکی جمعیت ضمن اثبات نتایج تجزیه خوشه‌ای، تاییدکننده نتابج قبلی در رابطه با وجود دو مسیر تکاملی مستقل درخت به در شمال غرب ایران تا ترکیه و سپس اروپا و مسیر دوم در ناحیه مرکزی و شمال شرق ایران بوده است. انطباق این نتایج با نتایج ارزیابی‌های مورفولوژیک و ارگانولپتیک میوه نشان داد که هرگروه از ژرم‌پلاسم شناسایی شده دارای پتانسیل متفاوت برای استفاده در برنامه های به نژادی به بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Determination of Genetic Relationship of Quince Cultivars and Genotypes Collected from Various Centers of Origin and Diversity of this Species by Using SSR Markers

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Torkashvand 1
  • M. Zeinolabedini 2
  • H. Abdollahi 3
  • A. Vatanpou Azghandi 4
  • A. Ebrahimi 5
1 Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Department of Genomics, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
3 Temperate Fruits Research Center, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
4 Department of Tissue Culture and Genetic Transformation, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
5 Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The center of origin of quince is Talysh region in northwest of Iran and the Caucasus. There are numerous centers of diversity of this tree species in Iran, Republic of Azerbaijan, Turkey and Europe. In this study, the genetic relationships of genotypes and cultivars of quinces collected from the center of origin of this tree species in the west of Guilan in Iran and the Caucasus region were compared with the genotypes and cultivars from different centers of diversity of this species in Khorasan, Isfahan, Ardabil, Western Azarbaijan and Tehran provinces in Iran as well as genotypes from Turkey and Europe using 12 and 14 pairs of SSR markers developed from apple and pear. SSR markers were successfully transferred to the quinces and led to the distinction of Japanese and Chinese quinces from the genotypes belong to the genus Cydonia, and also grouped 63 quince genotypes in seven clusters. The highest allelic frequency (0.968) was observed in CH03g06 and KU10 markers. The germplasm of Europe was clustered in an independent group, while Quince C was grouped with the germplasm of northwest of Iran and the Caucasus. Analysis of genetic structure of the germplasm approved the results of cluster analysis and confirmed the previous reports in relation to two independent evolutionary pathways of the quinces from the Caucasus and northwest of Iran to Turkey and Europe, and the second pathway toward central and northeast regions of Iran. Comparison of these evolutionary relationships of the quince genotypes with the previous reports on morphological and organoleptic evaluations of fruits indicated that each group of identified germplasm has different breeding potential for being used in quince breeding programs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Quince
  • microsatellite marker
  • Cydonia oblonga Mill
  • transferability
  • apple
  • pear

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نهال و بذر
دوره 37، شماره 2
تیر 1400
صفحه 127-147

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