بررسی برهمکنش ژنوتیپ × محیط و پایداری عملکرد دانه لاین های امید بخش باقلا (.Vicia faba L) با استفاده از تجزیه‌ AMMI

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گلستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، گرگان، ایران

2 مربی، بخش بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی صفی آباد، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، دزفول، ایران.

3 محقق، بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان لرستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، بروجرد، ایران.

4 محقق، بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی بلوچستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ایرانشهر، ایران.

چکیده

این پژوهش با هدف بررسی برهمکنش ژنوتیپ × محیط و پایداری عملکرد دانه 15 لاین امید بخش باقلا و ارقام شاهد به مدت دو سال زراعی (96-1394) در ایستگاه‌های تحقیقاتی گرگان (دیم)، دزفول (آبی)، بروجرد (دیم) و ایرانشهر (آبی) در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. تجزیه واریانس مرکب داده ها نشان داد که ژنوتیپ‌های باقلا از نظر تعداد روز تا 50 درصد گل‌دهی، ارتفاع بوته، تعداد غلاف در بوته، تعداد دانه در غلاف، وزن صد دانه و عملکرد دانه تفاوت معنی دار داشتند. لاین‌هایFLIP03-069FB ،ILB1266 × ILB1814  وWRB2-7 × Giza Blanca  به ترتیب بیشترین عملکرد دانه را داشتند. اثر اصلی محیط 43/76 درصد از تغییرات کل عملکرد را به خود اختصاص داد، در حالی که اثر ژنوتیپ و برهمکنش ژنوتیپ × محیط به ترتیب 31/6 و 17 درصد بود. بررسی برهمکنش ژنوتیپ × محیط با استفاده از روش تجزیه چند متغیره اثر اصلی جمع‌پذیر و برهمکنش ضرب‌پذیر (AMMI) نشان داد شش مؤلفه اصلی مدل AMMI معنی‌دار بودند و 69/99 درصد از تغییرات برهمکنش ژنوتیپ × محیط را توجیه کردند. بر اساس ارزش پایداری امی (ASV)، لاین های WRB2-7 × Giza Blanca، ILB 3626، Barkat × BPL465 و رقم برکت دارای پایداری عملکرد دانه و ژنوتیپ Barkat × New Mammoth و رقم زرشکی با داشتن بیشترین برهمکنش زنوتیپ × محیط عملکرد دانه ناپایدار داشتند. همچنین محیط‌های گرگان و بروجرد به‌دلیل داشتن برهمکنش زنوتیپ × محیط بالا، به عنوان محیط ایده آل جهت تمایز بین لاین‌های باقلا شناخته شدند. در نهایت لاین WRB2-7 × Giza Blanca با میانگین عملکرد دانه 3288 کیلوگرم در هکتار، پایداری عملکرد بالاو سازگاری وسیع برای نامگذاری و معرفی به عنوان رقم تجاری جدید برای مناطق هدف شناسایی شد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessment of Seed Yield Stability and Genotype × Environment Interaction of Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) Promising Lines Using AMMI Analysis

نویسندگان [English]

  • F. Sheikh 1
  • R. Sekhavat 2
  • H. Asteraki 3
  • A. Parkasi 4
1 Assistant Professor, Field and Horticultural Crops Research Department, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Gorgan, Iran.
2 Researcher, Field and Horticultural Crops Research Department, Safiabad Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Dezful, Iran.
3 Researcher, Field and Horticultural Crops Research Department, Lorestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Borujerd, Iran.
4 Researcher, Field and Horticultural Crops Research Department, Baluchistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization), Iranshahr, Iran.
چکیده [English]

This study was carried to assess seed yield stability and genotype × environment interaction of 15 faba bean promising lines together with four control cultivars using randomized complete block design with three replications in four experimental field stations; Gorgan (rainfed), Dezful (irrigated), Borujerd (rainfed), Iranshahr (irrigated), in two cropping seasons (2015 -17). Combined analysis of variance showed that genotypes differed significantly for days to 50% flowering, plant height, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 100-seed weight and seed yield. FLIP03-069FB, ILB1266 × ILB1814 and WRB2-7 × Giza Blanca promising lines had the highest seed yield, respectively. Environment main effect accounted for 76.43% of total observed variation in seed yield, whereas genotype and genotype × environment interaction effect accounted for 6.31% and 17%, respectively. The multivariate analysis using additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) showed that the six first principal components had significant effect in explaining genotype × environment interaction effect, and explained 99.69% of the total of observed variation. The AMMI stability value (ASV) discriminated WRB2-7 × Giza Blanca, ILB 3626, Barkat × BPL 465 promising lines and cv. Barkat with high seed yield stability, respectively. Barkat × New Mammoth promising line and cv. Zereshki had low seed yield stability, respectively. Also, Gorgan and Borujerd environments, due to their high interaction, were identified as the ideal environments for discriminating faba bean genotypes. In conclusion, WRB2-7 × Giza Blanca promising line with average seed yield of 3285 kg ha-1, high yield stability and wide adaptation was identified as the superior genotype for being released as new commercial faba bean cultivar for target regions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Faba bean
  • additive main effect and multiplicative interaction
  • AMMI stability value
  • seed yield and ideal environment

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نهال و بذر
دوره 37، شماره 1
فروردین 1400
صفحه 1-22

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