رشد و جذب عناصر غذائی در ارقام تجاری گلابی روی پایه‌های بذری، پیرودوارف® و OH × F69

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران.

2 پژوهشکده میوه‌های معتدله و سردسیری، موسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

3 دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران.

چکیده

پایه‌ همگروه پیرودوارف و پس از آن پایه OH × F69 اصلی‌ترین پایه‌های رویشی مورد استفاده برای تولید نهال گلابی در ایران هستند. این پژوهش به منظور مقایسه رشد و جذب عناصر غذائی در نهال های ارقام تجاری گلابی لوئیزبون، درگزی و ویلیامز دوشس روی دو پایه رویشی پیرودوارف و OH × F69 در مقایسه با پایه بذری درگزی در دو سال در نهالستان انجام گرفت. پایه‌های رویشی در مقایسه با پایه بذری در فاز نهالستانی رشد بیشتری را در ارقام پیوندی القا کردند و رقم لوئیزبون روی پایه پیرودوارف بیشترین رشد را داشت. میزان کلسیم در کلیه ترکیبات پیوندی 5/1-4/1 درصد بود، لیکن تغییرات عناصر نیتروژن، فسفر، پتاسیم و منیزیم زیادتر بود و بیشترین میزان این عناصر در رقم درگزی روی پایه پیرودوارف مشاهده شد. کمترین و بیشترین تغییرات به ترتیب برای دو عنصر روی و آهن در ترکیبات مختلف پیوندی مشاهده شد. به طور نسبی، حدود 30 درصد از آهن کل ارقام به صورت آهن فعال بود که نشان‌دهنده سطح قابل توجه آهن فعال، در مقایسه با دیگر گونه‌های درختان میوه، در گونه گلابی است. در کلیه ترکیبات پیوندی، میزان عناصر پرمصرف و کم مصرف در محدوده بهینه بود. مقایسه میزان عناصر با میزان آهک فعال خاک نشانگر این بود که محدوده آهک فعال 10 تا 15 درصد مانعی برای جذب بهینه هر دو گروه عناصر و رشد مطلوب نهال‌ها نبود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Growth and Nutrients Uptake in Commercial Pear Cultivars on Seedling, Pyrodwarf® and OH × F69 Rootstocks

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. Esmaili 1
  • H. Abdollahi 2
  • M. Bazgir 3
  • V. Abdossi 1
1 Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Temperate Fruits Research Center, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
3 Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Ilam, Ilam, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Pyrodwarf and OH × F69 rootstocks are the main clonal rootstocks for pear trees in Iran. This research was conducted to compare growth and nutrient uptake in different commercial pear cultivars including; Louise Bonne, Dargazi and William`s Duchesse on Pyrodwarf, OH × F69 and Dargazi seedling rootstocks in two years in the nursery. Both clonal rootstocks inducted higher growth in cultivars. Cultivar Louise Bonne had the highest growth on Pyrodwarf rootstock. Calcium content varied from 1.4% to 1.5%, but nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and manganese showed higher variation, and the highest content of these nutrients were observed in cultivar Dargazi on Pyrodwarf rootstock. The lowest and the highest variations were observed in zinc and iron content, respectively. In addition, about 30% of total iron of the leaves was active iron, indicating high level of active iron in pear in comparison with other fruit tree species. In all graft combinations, variation in micro and macro nutrients contents were in optimum range. Comparison of nutrient contents with active lime level in soil indicated that the range of 10-15% active lime in soil would not hinder growth and nutrients uptake of plants.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Pear
  • growth indices
  • macronutrients
  • micronutrients
  • vegetative rootstock

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نهال و بذر
دوره 36، شماره 4
اسفند 1399
صفحه 403-420

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