واکنش ویژگی‏ های زراعی و عملکرد دانه ژنوتیپ‏ های باقلا (.Vicia faba L) به تنش ماندابی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد گرگان، گرگان، ایران.

2 بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گلستان،، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، گرگان، ایران.

چکیده

تنش ماندابی یکی از عوامل کاهنده عملکرد دانه باقلا محسوب می‌شود. ژنوتیپ‌های مختلف باقلا از این لحاظ تفاوت دارند. ویژگی‏ های زراعی 21 ژنوتیپ باقلا در سه محیط شامل آبیاری بهینه (بدون تنش) و تنش ماندابی در دو مرحله از رشد (آغاز گل‏دهی و آغاز غلاف‏ دهی به مدت 10 روز) مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. این آزمایش در دو سال زراعی (1397-1395) در قالب طرح بلوک‏های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی گرگان انجام شد. تجزیه واریانس مرکب داده‏ها نشان داد که تفاوت معنی‌داری بین ژنوتیپ‌های باقلا در سطوح مختلف تیمارهای آزمایشی وجود داشت. عملکرد غلاف سبز و عملکرد دانه در تیمار تنش ماندابی در مرحله آغاز گل‏ دهی به‏ ترتیب 34 و 23/9درصد و در تیمار تنش ماندابی در مرحله آغاز غلاف ‏دهی به ترتیب 29/3و 17/18کاهش یافت.کمترین کاهش عملکرد دانه در شرایط تنش ماندابی در مرحله آغاز گل‏ دهی از ژنوتیپ G-Faba-401 حاصل شد و در شرایط تنش ماندابی در مرحله آغاز غلاف‏ دهی ژنوتیپ‏ های G-Faba-401، G-Faba-335، G-Faba-293، G-Faba-290 و G-Faba-524 کمتر از 10 درصد کاهش عملکرد داشتند. بنابراین ژنوتیپ‏هایی که عملکرد بالاتری در شرایط تنش ماندابی ‏داشتند، برای کشت در مناطقی که احتمال وقوع تنش ماندابی در آن وجود دارد مناسب‌تر هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Response of Agronomic Characteristics and Seed Yield of Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) Genotypes to Waterlogging Stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • E. Mollaali 1
  • M. R. DadashI 1
  • Fatemeh Sheikh 2
  • H. Ajam Norozi 1
  • M. T. Feizbaksh 2
1 Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran.
2 Field and Horticultural Crops Sciences Research Department, Agricultural Researech, Education and Extension Organization, Gorgan, Iran. Organization (AREEO), Gorgan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Waterlogging stress is one of the important factors reducing faba bean seed yield. Response of different faba bean genotypes to this environmental stress varies from tolerance to sensitive. Response of agronomic characteristics and seed yield of 21 faba bean genotypes under three moisture regimes included; optimum irrigation (without stress) and waterlogging for 10 days at two developmental stages; commencement of flowering and pod setting were evaluated. This study was carried out using randomized complete block design with three replications in two cropping seasons (2016-2017 and 2017-2018) at Golestan agricultural and natural resources research and education center, Gorgan, Iran. Combined analysis of variance revealed that there was significant differences between faba bean genotypes in response to different moisture regime conditions. Green pod and seed yields were reduced by 34% and 23.9%, respectively, when waterlogging applied at the commencement of flowering stage. However, when waterlogging applied at pod setting stage these reductions were 29.3% and 17.18%, respectively. The lowest seed yield reduction belonged to G-Faba-401 genotype when stress applied at the flowering stage, and G-Faba-401, G-Faba-335, G-Faba-293, G-Faba-290 and G-Faba-524 genotypes showed less than 10% yield reduction. Therefore, the high-yielding and tolerant faba bean genotypes can be recommended for areas with high probability of waterlogging stress.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Faba bean
  • day to flowering
  • green pod yield
  • seed yield
  • 100 seed weight

مراجع

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نهال و بذر
دوره 35، شماره 2
شهریور 1398
صفحه 171-188

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