ارزیابی مزرعه‌ای مقاومت تدریجی نسبت به بیماری زنگ زرد جو در لاین‌های امیدبخش جو آبی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اردبیل، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اردبیل، ایران.

2 بخش تحقیقات غلات، موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

3 بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اردبیل

چکیده

بیماری زنگ زرد جو با عامل Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordeiیکی از مهمترین بیماری‌های جو می‌باشدکه تولید جو را در برخی مناطق جهان تهدید می‌کند. استفاده از ارقام مقاوم، اقتصادی‌ترین روش مدیریت زنگ زرد است و مقاومت تدریجی (Slow rusting) که نوعی مقاومت کمی است، به عنوان مقاومت پایدار گزارش شده است. در این مطالعه، پارامترهای مقاومت تدریجی شامل ضریب آلودگی (CI)، شدت نهائی بیماری (FRS)، مقدار نسبی سطح زیر منحنی پیشرفت بیماری (rAUDPC) و نرخ آلودگی ظاهری (r) برای 41 ژنوتیپ جو همراه با شاهد حساس در دو سال 1395 و 1396 ارزیابی شدند. این پژوهش در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی اردبیل تحت شرایط آلودگی طبیعی و مصنوعی انجام شد. واکنش گیاهچه‌ای نیز تحت شرایط مزرعه‌ای ارزیابی شد. نتایج ارزیابی‌ها برای پارامترهای مقاومت نشان داد که لاین‌های EDC-87-3 ، EC-90-4 ، EM-88-2 ، EM-88-5 ، EM-89-19همراه با رقم حساس بالاترین مقادیر FRS، CI، r و rAUDPC را داشتند، بنابراین به عنوان لاین‌های حساس گروه‌بندی شدند. ده لاین در هر دو مرحله گیاهچه‌ای و گیاه بالغ مقاوم بودند. هفت لاین در مرحله گیاهچه‌ای مقاوم ولی در مرحله گیاه بالغ واکنش حدواسط (MS، M و MR) نشان دادند. سیزده لاین (2، 5، 8، 10، 12، 14، 15، 19، 23، 29، 31، 38 و39) در مرحله گیاهچه‌ای حساس ولی در مرحله گیاه بالغ واکنش متوسط (MR, M, MS) نشان دادند. بنابراین این لاین‌ها با داشتن مقادیر پایین پارامترهای مختلف مقاومت به احتمال زیاد دارای درجات متفاوتی از مقاومت تدریجی یا مقاومت گیاه بالغ در درجه حرارت بالا (HTAP) (مقاومت غیر نژاد- اختصاصی) می‌باشند. بقیه لاین‌ها سطح پایینی از مقاومت تدریجی داشتند. تجزیه خوشه‌ای بر اساس واکنش گیاهچه‌ای و گیاه بالغ، لاین‌ها را در گروه‌های مختلفی قرار داد که این حالت نیز بیانگر تنوع بالای لاین‌ها از نظر واکنش نسبت به بیماری زنگ زرد جو بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Field-Based Assessment of Slow Rusting Resistance Against Yellow Rust in Irrigated Barley Promising Lines

نویسندگان [English]

  • S. A. Safavi 1
  • Habibollah Ghazvini 2
  • Javid Mohammadzadeh 3
1 Assistant Professor, Field and Horticulture Crops Research Department, Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Ardebil, Iran.
2 Department of Cereal Research, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
3 Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Ardabil, Iran,
چکیده [English]

Yellow rust (stripe rust) caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordei is an important disease that threatens barley production in some areas of the world. Host resistance is the most economical strategy to manage barley stripe rust, and slow rusting resistance, a type of quantitative resistance, has been reported to be more durable than other type of resistance. Slow rusting parameters including final rust severity (FRS), apparent infection rate (r), relative area under disease progress curve (rAUDPC), and coefficient of infection (CI) were evaluated in a set of 41 barley promising lines together with susceptible control in 2016 and 2017 cropping seasons. This study was conducted in field plots at Ardabil Agricultural Research Station, Ardabil, Iran, under artificial infection conditions of race populations of Ardabil. Seedling reaction was also evaluated under field conditions. Results of evaluation for resistance parameters showed that lines; EDC-87-3, EC-90-4, EM-88-2, EM-88-5, EM-89-19 and susceptible check had the highest values of FRS, CI, r and rAUDPC, therefore, were considered as susceptible. Ten lines were resistant at seedling and adult plant stages, seven lines showed resistance at seedling, but had moderate reactions at adult plant stage. Thirteen lines (2, 5, 8, 10, 12, 14, 15, 19, 23, 29, 31, 38 and 39) were susceptible at the seedling stage and had intermediate (MR, M or MS) reactions at adult plant stage. Therefore, these lines with low level of different measured parameters were assumed to have gene(s) for varying degrees of slow rusting resistance or high temperature adult plant resistance (HTAPR). The remaining lines had low level of slow rusting resistance. Cluster analysis based on adult plant resistance parameters and seedling infection types revealed different groups which indicated considerable variation for different level of resistance among the barley promising lines examined in this study.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • : Barley
  • yellow rust
  • seedling resistance
  • adult plant resistance
  • slow rusting resistance

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نهال و بذر
دوره 34، شماره 4
بهمن 1397
صفحه 355-376

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