ارزیابی ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیک، فنولوژیک و پومولوژیک برخی از ژنوتیپ‌های انتخابی فندق در شرایط آب و هوائی کرج

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرج، کرج، ایران

2 استادیار، پژوهشکده میوه‌های معتدله و سردسیری، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه باغبانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرج، کرج، ایران

چکیده

تنوع ژنتیک و پراکنش ژرم‌پلاسم در یک گونه، پتانسیل بهبود گونه از طریق برنامه‌های به‌نژادی را فراهم می‌کند. تاکنون مطالعات کمی در زمینه ارزیابی ارقام و ژنوتیپ‌های فندق (Corylus avellana L.) در ایران صورت گرفته است. بنابراین با هدف دستیابی به ارقام سازگار و با عملکرد بالا در شرایط آب و هوایی کرج، این تحقیق به‌منظور بررسی ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیک، فنولوژیک و پومولوژیک 10 ژنوتیپ و رقم فندق شامل گرچه، پاییزه، کریستینا، کوتکاشن، فوتوکورامی، کوبان، آتابابا، یاقلی فندق، سوچی 1 و پیونر و ارقام گردویی 89 و پشمینه 89 به‌عنوان شاهد در سال‌های 1394 و 1395 انجام گرفت. صفات مورد بررسی شامل فنولوژی درخت، خصوصیات میوه و مغز، عملکرد تک‌درخت، درصد روغن و درصد پروتئین بود که در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار مطالعه شد. نتایج نشان داد که ارقام موردبررسی برای کلیه صفات تفاوت معنی‌داری داشتند. ژنوتیپ پاییزه با 2/69 درصد بیش‌ترین میزان روغن، رقم کریستینا با 3/16 درصد بیش‌ترین میزان پروتئین، رقم سوچی 1 با 8/2 گرم بالاترین وزن میوه خشک و رقم گردویی 89 با 2/1 گرم بیش‌ترین وزن مغز را دارا بودند. بر اساس نتایج به‌دست‌آمده ارقام گردویی 89، پاییزه، کوتکاشن، گرچه و پشمینه 89 دارای عملکرد بیشتر و صفات مطلوب میوه بودند و جهت کاشت در شرایط آب و هوایی کرج مناسب می‌باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Morphological, Phenological and Pomological Characteristics of Some Selected Hazelnut Genotypes Under Climatic Conditions of Karaj in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • H. Hassani 1
  • R. Haghjooyan 2
  • S. M. Miri 3
1 M. Sc. student, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Temperate Fruits Research Center, Horticultural Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Genetic diversity and germplasm introduction provide the potential for plant improvement in breeding programs. So far, few studies have been carried out on the evaluation of hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) varieties and genotypes in Iran. This study was conducted to investigate morphological, phenological and pomological characteristics of 10 selected hazelnut genotypes and varieties including Gerche, Paeizeh, Christiana, Cote Kashen, Futocramy, Koban, Ata Baba, Yaghly Fandaog, Sochi 1 and Pioneer, and Gerduoei 89 and Pashmineh 89 cultivars as control in 2015 and 2016 in Kamalshahr horticultural research station, Karaj, Iran. The traits included tree phenology, fruit and kernel characteristics, yield per tree, oil and protein contents, which were evaluated in randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed that there was significant difference between varieties/genotypes for all studied traits. Paeizeh, Christiana, Sochi 1 and Gerdouei 89 varieties showed the highest amount of oil content (69.2%), protein content (16.3%), nut weight (2.8 g) and kernel weight (1.2 g), respectively. The results suggest that Gerdouei 89, Paeizeh, Cote Kashen, Gerche and Pashmineh 89 had the highest yield and desirable fruits characteristics and are suitable for being grown in climate conditions of Karaj in Iran.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Genetic diversity
  • cultivar adaptation
  • fruit yield
  • Kernel properties

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نهال و بذر
دوره 34، شماره 1
خرداد 1397
صفحه 81-100

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