اثر محلول‌پاشی ملاتونین بر برخی صفات مورفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی پایه نارنج در شرایط تنش شوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران.

2 گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران.

چکیده

شوری خاک یکی از مهمترین تنش‌های محیطی است که باعث کاهش رشد و عملکرد محصولات می‌شود و طیف گسترده‌ای از واکنش ها و علائم فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی در گیاهان ایجاد می‌کند. در این پژوهش، اثر محلول‌پاشی با ملاتونین (صفر و 200 میکرومولار) در شرایط شوری (0، 30، 60، 90 و 120 میلی‌مولار کلرید سدیم) بر روی پایه نارنج مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی در چهار تکرار در سال 1400-1399 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد بیشتر صفات رشدی، مورفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی تحت تأثیر شوری و محلول‌پاشی ملاتونین قرار گرفتند. برهمکنش شوری × محلول‌پاشی ملاتونین بر طول و عرض برگ، تعداد شاخه نورسته، طول شاخه‌نورسته، طول ریشه، درصد رطوبت و درصد ماده خشک برگ، نشت‌یونی، هدایت روزنه‌ای، میزان تعرق، میزان آسیمیلاسیون، کمبود فشار بخار و عملکرد کوانتومی فتوسنتز معنی‌دار بود. محلول‌پاشی ملاتونین باعث افزایش درصد رطوبت برگ، تعداد شاخه نورسته، میزان آسمیلاسیون، هدایت روزنه‌ای و عملکرد کوانتومی فتوسنتز شد، در حالیکه میزان نشت یونی برگ کاهش یافت. بیشترین عملکرد کوانتومی فتوسنتز مربوط به تیمار شوری صفر و ملاتونین 200 میکرومولار بود، با این حال بیشتر شاخص‌های فیزیولوژیکی با کاربرد ملاتونین در شرایط شوری بهبود یافتند. کاربرد ملاتونین در سطوح مختلف شوری سبب افزایش معنی‌دار طول و عرض برگ شاخه نورسته در مقایسه با شاهد شد. نتایج کلی نشان داد که محلول‌پاشی ملاتونین اثر شوری بر بیشتر شاخص‌های رشدی را کاهش داد و می تواند به عنوان راهکاری مؤثر برای کاهش خسارت ناشی از تنش شوری آب و خاک در پایه نارنج مد نظر قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Foliar Application of Melatonin on Some Morphological and Physiological Traits of Sour Orange Rootstock in Salinity Stress Conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. Ali Khudady 1
  • J. Erfani-Moghadam 1
  • F. Ghanbari 1
  • M. Hadadinejad 2
1 Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.
2 Department of Horticultural Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Soil salinity is one of the major environmental stresses which reduces the growth and yield of crops by affecting wide spectra of physiological and biochemical processes in plants. In this study, effect of foliar application of melatonin levels (0 and 200 μM) under salt levls (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 mM NaCl) on sour orange rootstock was investigated. The experiment was carried-out as factorial arrangements in completely randomized design with four replications in 2020-21 at the research farm of Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran. The results showed that most of morphological and physiological characteristics were affected by salinity and foliar application of melatonin. Salinity × foliar application of melatonin interaction effect was significant on most of studied traits including leaf length, leaf width, flush number, flush length, root length, leaf moisture and dry matter contents of leaf, ion leakage, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, of assimilation rate, vapor pressure deficit and photosynthetic quantum yield. Foliar application of melatonin increased leaf moisture content, flush number, assimilation rate, stomatal conductance and photosynthesis quantum yield, while leaf ion leakage decreased. The highest photosynthetic quantum yield was recorded in 200 µM melatonin and salinity free treatment. Foliar application of melatonin under salinity stress conditions improved most of the physiological parameters. Foliar application of melatonin at different salinity levels caused significant increases in length and width of flush leaves compared to the control. Overall, the results of this study showed that foliar application of melatonin reduced negative effects of salinity stress on growth and physiology of sour orange rootstock, therefore, it can be considered as an effective approach to mitigate the adverse effect of soil and water salinity on sour orange rootstock.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sour orange
  • ion leakage
  • stomatal conductance
  • transpiration rate
  • photosynthesis

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نهال و بذر
دوره 38، شماره 4
دی 1401
صفحه 433-452

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