ارزیابی پایداری عملکرد شکر سفید برخی ارقام چغندرقند آزادسازی شده تجاری در ایران از سال 1390 تا 1399

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

2 مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کرمانشاه، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

3 مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران.

4 مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان‌غربی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ارومیه، ایران.

چکیده

افزایش عملکرد و پایداری آن در طیفی از شرایط محیطی هدف، یکی از اصلی‌ترین اهداف برنامه های به نژادی محصولات زراعی است. در این پژوهش، پایداری عملکرد شکر نه رقم چغندرقند آزادسازی شده تجاری در ایران از سال 1390 تا سال 1399 به همراه یک شاهد خارجی در شش ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی اردبیل، کرج، کرمانشاه، مشهد، میاندوآب و مغان در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار به مدت چهار سال متوالی 1397-1396 تا 1400-1399 مورد بررسی و ارزیابی قرار گرفت. تجزیه واریانس مرکب داده ها نشان داد که اثر سال، مکان و ژنوتیپ و برهمکنش‌های سال × مکان، ژنوتیپ × سال، ژنوتیپ × مکان و ژنوتیپ × سال × مکان بر عملکرد شکر سفید 0.01) (p ≤ معنی دار بود. تجزیه اثر برهمکنش ژنوتیپ × محیط نشان داد که هفت مؤلفه اول معنی‌دار(p ≤ 0.01) بودند. بر اساس بای‌پلات AMMI1 ارقام آسیا، شکوفا و آرتا به ترتیب به عنوان پایدارترین ارقام شناخته شدند. نتایج مدل خطی مخلوط نشان داد که اثر ژنوتیپ و برهمکنش ژنوتیپ × محیط معنی‌دار (p ≤ 0.01)بود. بر اساس مدل BLUP ارقام پرفکتا، آسیا و شکوفا به ترتیب دارای بیشترین مقدار میانگین پیش‌بینی‌شده عملکرد شکر سفید بودند. بای‌پلات عملکرد شکر سفید با شاخص WAASB نشان داد که ارقام آسیا، آرتا و شکوفا علاوه بر پایداری عملکرد شکر سفید، ارزش عملکرد شکر سفید بیشتر از میانگین کل داشتند. بر اساس گروه‌بندی ارقام از نظر شاخص WAASB به عملکرد شکر سفید، ارقام آرتا، آسیا و شکوفا به‌عنوان ارقام با عملکرد شکر سفید بالا و پایدار شناخته شدند. رتبه‌بندی و گزینش هم‌زمان ارقام برای شاخص پایداری WAASB و عملکرد شکرسفید نتایج مشابهی به همراه داشت، به‌طوری که رقم آسیا بیشترین شاخص WAASBY و پس از آن ارقام شکوفا و آرتا در رتبه های بعدی قرار گرفتند. بر این اساس ارقام آسیا، شکوفا و آرتا به‌عنوان ارقام با عملکرد شکر سفید بالا و پایدار شناخته شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of White Sugar Yield Stability of Some Commercially Released Sugar Beet Cultivars in Iran from 2011-2020

نویسندگان [English]

  • S. Sadeghzadeh Hemayati 1
  • A. Saremirad 1
  • M. Hosseinpour 1
  • A. Jalilian 2
  • M. Ahmadi 3
  • H. Azizi 4
  • H. Hamidi 3
  • F. Hamdi 1
  • F. Matloubi Aghdam 1
1 Sugar Beet Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran.
2 Kermanshah Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Kermanshah, Iran.
3 Khorasan-e-Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Mashhad, Iran.
4 West Azerbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Urmia, Iran.
چکیده [English]

High yield and yield stability across a range of environmental conditions is one of the main objectives of crop breeding programs. In this study, white sugar yield stability of nine sugar beet cultivars commercially released in Iran from 2011 to 2020 with an introduced foreign cultivar as check was evaluated using randomized complete block design with four replications in six research field stations; Karaj, Ardabil, Kermanshah, Mashhad, Moghan, Miandoab, in four cropping seasons 2017-2021. The combined analysis of variance revealed that effects of genotype, year, location, and year × location, genotype × year, genotype × location and genotype × year × location were significant (p ≤ 0.01) on white sugar yield. Analysis of genotype × environment interaction showed that the first seven components were significant (p ≤ 0.01). Based on AMMI1 analysis, cv. Asia, cv. Shokoufa and cv. Arta had white sugar yield stability. Linear mixed model analysis showed that the effects of genotype and genotype × environment interaction were significant (p ≤ 0.01) on white sugare yield. Based on the BLUP method, cv. Perfecta, cv. Asia and cv. Shokoufa had the highest predicted mean value of white sugar yield. Biplot of white sugar yield with the WAASB index showed that cv. Asia, cv. Arta and cv. Shokoufa had higher sugar yield as well as higher white sugar yield stability. Ranking of sugar beet cultivars based on WAASB/white sugar yield ratio identified cv. Arta, cv. Asia and cv. Shokoufa as high yielding with white sugar yield stability. Simultaneous ranking and selection of cultivars based on 50:50 WAASB/white sugar yield ratio resulted the same. Therefore, cv. Asia followed by cv. Shokoufa and cv. Arta had relatively higher WAASBY indices. Considering the results of this study, cv. Asia, cv. Shokoufa and cv. Arta were identified as high yielding with higher white sugar yield stability.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sugar beet
  • likelihood test ratio
  • linear mixed model
  • simultaneous selection
  • principle component

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نهال و بذر
دوره 38، شماره 3
مهر 1401
صفحه 339-364

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