سازکارهای آنزیمی ضداکسایشی در برخی پایه‌های بذری و همگروه تجاری گلابی در واکنش به تنش کسر آبیاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

پژوهشکده میوه‌های معتدله و سردسیری، موسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

چکیده

تحمل به تنش کسرآبیاری و سازکارهای مرتبط با آن از خصوصیات مهم در پایه‌های بذری و همگروه گلابی می باشد که تعیین کننده میزان موفقیت استفاده از این پایه ها در سطح تجاری است. بر این اساس، در پژوهش حاضر به موازات بررسی تحمل پایه‌های بذری درگزی و Bunge Pyrus betulifolia و پایه‌های همگروه پیرودوارف، OH×F69 و OH×F87 به تنش کسر آبیاری، برخی از سازکارهای آنزیمی ضداکسایشی آنها در واکنش به این تنش در شرایط گلخانه ای در سال 1397 در گلخانه پژوهشکده میوه‌های معتدله و سردسیری، موسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی درکرج بررسی و مقایسه شد. تنش کسر آبیاری در سه سطح بدون تنش، تنش ملایم و نسبتاً شدید به صورت آبیاری در 100، 75 و 50 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه در شرایط گلخانه‌ای طی 60 روز اعمال شد. ارتفاع پایه، تولید گونه فعال اکسیژن پراکسیدهیدروژن (H2O2) و در پی آن نشت یونی و فعالیت سه آنزیم سوپراکسید دیسموتاز (SOD)، کاتالاز (CAT) و آسکوربات پراکسیداز (POX) در دو مرحله 30 و 60 روز از آغاز تنش، در پایه‌ها انازه گیری و بررسی شد. نتایج بیانگر تحمل بیشتر پایه پیرودوارف به تنش کسر آبیاری حتی در شرایط تنش 50 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه در مقایسه با دیگر پایه‌ها بود. تولید پراکسیدهیدروژن در بافت تازه بین7/23 میکرومول در گرم در پایه OH×F87 تا 5/32 میکرومول در گرم در پایه Bunge P. betulifolia متفاوت بود. با افزایش شدت و مدت تنش، تولید پراکسید هیدروژن در بافت تازه به مقادیر حداکثری 3/81 میکرومول در گرم افزایش یافت که با نشت یونی همبستگی معنی‌دار (**734/0r = ) در سطح احتمال یک درصد داشت. همچنین ضرایب همبستگی حاصل، موید ترتیب افزایش فعالیت آنزیم سوپراکسید دیسموتاز و سپس کاتالاز در پاسخ به افزایش شدت تنش کسر آبیاری در پایه‌ها بود. بر اساس نتایج این پژوهش، بخشی از سازکار تحمل به تنش کسر آبیاری در پایه‌های گلابی از طریق تبدیل سوپراکسید به پراکسیدهیدروژن و سپس جلوگیری از تجمع آن می باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Enzymatic Anti-oxidative Mechanisms in Some Seedling and Clonal Commercial Pear Rootstocks in Response to Deficit Irrigation Stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Zohouri
  • H. Abdollahi
Temperate Fruits Research Center, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Tolerance to deficit irrigation and related mechanisms are very important characteristics of seedling and clonal pear rootstocks for successful commercialization. In this study, seedling rootstocks, Dargazi and Pyrus betulifolia Bunge, and clonal Pyrodwarf, OH×F69 and OH×F87 rootstocks for tolerance to deficit irrigation as well as enzymatic anti-oxidative mechanisms in response to the stress was evaluated under greenhouse conditions at temperate fruits research center, Horticultural Science Research Institute, Karaj, Iran, in 2018. The deficit irrigation stress applied at three levels: control, mild and severe by irrigation at 100, 75 and 50 percent of field capacity (FC), in greenhouse during 60 days. Rootstock heights, generation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), electrolyte leakage and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (POX) were assessed at 30 and 60 days following the application of deficit irrigation stress. The results showed that Pyrodwarf rootstock had greater tolerance to deficit irrigation stress, even at 50% FC. The generation of H2O2 was between 23.7 μM g-1 of fresh weight in OH×F87 and 32.5 in P. betulifolia Bunge. However, as the deficit irrigation stress severity and duration increased, the H2O2 level enhanced to its maximum of 81.3 μM g-1 of fresh weight, and was highly correlated (r = 0.734**) with electrolyte leakage. In addition, the calculated correlation coefficients confirmed the order of increase in the activity of SOD and then CAT in response to the increase in the intensity of deficit irrigation stress. Based on the results of this study, tolerance mechanisms to deficit irrigation stress in pear rootstocks is partly attained by converting superoxide into hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), followed by preventing its accumulation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Pear
  • oxidative stress
  • catalase
  • superoxide dismutase
  • ascorbate peroxidase
  • hydrogen peroxide
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