اثر برهمکنش ژنوتیپ × محیط بر عملکرد شکر سفید ارقام چغندرقند (Beta vulgaris L.) با دوره رشد کوتاه درکشت زمستانه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

2 موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندر قند، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

3 مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران.

4 مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

توسعه و ترویج کشت زمستانه چغندرقند یکی از راهکار‌های مهم برای استفاده از بارندگی‌های فصلی و صرفه‌جویی در مصرف آب آبیاری برای تولید این محصول است. مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی اثر برهمکنش ژنوتیپ × محیط بر عملکرد شکر سفید و گزینش ارقام برتر با دوره رشد کوتاه از میان 11 رقم چغندرقند درکشت زمستانه در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی مغان در سه سال زراعی (1398-1397، 1399-1398 و 1400-1399)، در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی تربت‌جام در دو سال زراعی (1399-1398 و 1400-1399) و در مزرعه تحقیقاتی کشت و صنعت جوین در یک سال زراعی (1399-1398) اجرا شد. تجزیه واریانس مرکب داده ها نشان داد که اثر محیط، ژنوتیپ و برهمکنش ژنوتیپ × محیط بر عملکرد شکر سفید در سطح احتمال یک درصد معنی‌داری بود. نتایج بدستآمده از روش گرافیکی GGE بایپلات نشان داد که مؤلفه اصلی اول و دوم در مجموع 64/83 درصد از تغییرات کل عملکرد شکر سفید را توجیه کرد. بر اساس روش GGE بای‌پلات در محیط‌ مغان در سال 1400 ارقام SVZB2019 و دراووس و در محیط‌های مغان در سال‌های 1398 و 1399، تربت‌جام در سال های 1399 و 1400 و جوین در سال 1399 ارقام FDIR19B3021، FDIR19B4028 و SVZA2019 به ترتیب، از نظر پایداری عملکرد شکر سفید، برتر بودند. از نتایج این پژوهش چنین نتیجه گیری شد که محیط نقش بسزایی در بیان فنوتیپی عملکرد شکر سفید در کشت زمستانه ارقام چغندر قند مورد بررسی داشت. بنابراین لازم است ارقام بر اساس شرایط اقلیمی و زراعی مناطق هدف انتخاب و برای کشت زمسستانه معرفی شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Genotype × Environment Interaction Effect on White Sugar Yield of Winter-Sown Short-Season Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) Cultivars

نویسندگان [English]

  • D. Taleghani 1
  • A. Saremirad 2
  • M. Hosseinpour 2
  • M. Ahmadi 3
  • H Hamidi 3
  • R. Nemati 4
1 Sugar Beet Seed Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran.
2 Sugar Beet Seed Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran.
3 Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Mashhad, Iran.
4 Sugar Beet Seed Institute (SBSI)- Agricultural Research Education and Extension, Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The promotion and development of winter-sown sugar beet is one of the significant approaches for using seasonal rainfalls and saving irrigation water for its production. For this purpose, the present study was conducted to study the of genotype × environment interaction effect on white sugar yield of 11 winter season short-season sugar beet cultivars, and selection of superior cultivars in three regions of Moghan,(2019, 2020 and 2021) Torbat-e-Jam (2020 and-2021), and Joveyn (2020) using randomized complete block design with four replications. Combined analysis of variance showed that the environment, genotype and genotype × environment interaction had significant (P ≤ 0. 01) effect on white sugar yield. The GGE biplot method revealed that the first and second main components explained 83.64% of the total variation in white sugar yield. Based on the GGE biplot method, in Moghan 2021, cv. SVZB2019 and Dravos, and in Moghan 2019 and 2020, in Torbat-e-Jam 2020 and 2021 and in Joveyn 2020, cv. FDIR19B3021, cv. FDIR19B4028 and cv. SVZA2019 identified as the best cultivars with high white sugar yield and yield stability, respectively. In general, it was concluded that the environment played a significant role in phenotypic expression of the white sugar yield in the winter-sown short season sugar beet cultivars. Therefore, it would be necessary to select and release sugar beet cultivars adapted to climatic and agronomic conditions for winter sowing in target environments.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sugar beet
  • yield stability
  • phenotypic expression
  • GGE biplot
  • ideal environment

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نهال و بذر
دوره 38، شماره 1
فروردین 1401
صفحه 53-69

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