اثر رژیم آبیاری و کود فسفر بر خصوصیات رشدی و عملکرد دانه و علوفه دو اکوتیپ خلر (Lathyrus sativus L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد جیرفت، جیرفت، ایران.

2 واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

3 دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اراک، اراک، ایران.

چکیده

به دلیل اهمیت کشت خلر به عنوان گیاهی فراموش شده و با هدف انجام کشاورزی پایدار، پژوهش مزرعه‌ای به صورت اسپیلت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار تحت تأثیر رژیم‌های آبیاری (50، 75، 100 درصد تبخیر از تشتک تبخیرکلاس A) و سطوح مختلف کود سوپر فسفات تریپل (صفر،60 و 120 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و دو اکوتیپ خلر (لاله‌زار و شهرکرد) در منطقه لاله‌زار استان کرمان در سال‌های 1397 و 1398 اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد که تنش خشکی (50 درصد تبخیر از تشتک کلاس A) موجب کاهش معنی‌دار تعداد نیام در مترمربع، ارتفاع بوته، عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیک خلر شد و کود فسفردار موجب افزایش رشد و عملکرد آن گردید. به‌طورکلی، بیشترین عملکرد دانه و بیولوژیک به ترتیب با 2401 و 5612 کیلوگرم در هکتار و همچنین بالاترین بهره‌وری مصرف فسفر به میزان 98/39 کیلوگرم محصول به ازای هر کیلوگرم مصرف کود فسفردار از اکوتیپ شهرکرد در تیمار آبیاری پس از 75 درصد تبخیر از تشتک کلاس A و با مصرف 60 کیلوگرم کود فسفر در هکتار به دست آمد. بنابراین کشت خلر اکوتیپ شهرکرد در این منطقه می‌تواند از نظر صرفه‌جویی در مصرف آب و مدیریت در مصرف کود فسفردار بر اکوتیپ لاله‌زار برتری داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Irrigation Regime and Phosphorus Fertilizer on Growth Characteristics and Seed Yield and Forage Yield of Two Grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.) Ecotypes

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. Bahramnejad 1
  • H. Heydari Sharifabad 2
  • H. Madani 3
1 Faculty of Agriculture, Jiroft Baranch, Islamic Azad University, Jiroft, Iran.
2 Sciences and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Faculty of Agriculture, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.) is a forgotten plant and its cultivation is important in the scope of sustainable crop production. In a field experiment, using split factorial arrangements in randomized complete block design with three replications, the effects of irrigation regimes; 50, 75 and 100% of evaporation of class A evaporation pan, and different rates of phosphorous fertilizer (triple superphosphate); 0, 60 and 120 kg ha-1 on growth characteristics, seed yield and forage yield of two grasspea ecotypes; Lalehzar and Sharekord, in Lalehzar region in Kerman province, Iran, in 2018 and 2019 growing seasons was studied. The results showed that drought stress significantly reduced pod no. m-2, plant height, seed yield and biological yield. Application of phosphorous fertilizer increased grasspea growth and yield. Overall, Shahrekord ecotype showed higher seed yield (2401 kg ha-1) and biological yield (5612 kg ha-1). The highest phosphorus productivity (39.98 kg seed kg P-1) achieved in 75% of evaporation irrigation regime plus 60 kg ha-1 triple superphosphate fertilizer. Therefore, growing Shahrekord grasspea ecotype in Lalehzar region would be reasonable in terms of saving water and managing the application of phosphorous fertilizer.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Grasspea
  • ecotype
  • Lalehzar
  • seed yield
  • phosphorus productivity
  • yield components

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نهال و بذر
دوره 36، شماره 3
آذر 1399
صفحه 357-375

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