ارزیابی تحمل به شوری در شش ژنوتیپ زیتون (Olea europaea L.) در محیط‌کنترل شده

نویسندگان

پژوهشکده میوه های معتدله و سردسیری، موسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

چکیده

محدودیت منابع آبی و شور بودن آب و خاک از عوامل مهم بازدارنده توسعه کشت زیتون می‌باشد. بنابراین در این شرایط انتخاب ارقام متحمل به شوری از اهمیت زیادی برخوردار است. در این پژوهش تحمل به شوری شش رقم و ژنوتیپ برتر زیتون (کنسروالیا، کرونیکی، امین، اوزینه2، Ds8 و D1) در سه سطح شوری (0، 50، 200 میلی‌مول در لیتر کلرورسدیم) به صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با سه تکرار ارزیابی شد. نتایج نشان داد با افزایش شوری بر مقدار سدیم در بافت ریشه، ساقه و برگ افزوده شد. غلظت سدیم، کلر و پتاسیم در این بافت ها تحت تاثیر ژنوتیپ و تیمار شوری در سطح احتمال یک درصد معنی‌دار بود. با افزایش غلظت نمک از مقدار پتاسیم و نسبتK+/Na+ در ریشه، ساقه و برگ به طور معنی‌‌دار (p <0/01) کاسته شد. مقدار انتقال کلر از ریشه به برگ و ساقه در ژنوتیپ های حساس بیشتر از ژنوتیپ های متحمل بود. شوری سبب کاهش شدید سطح برگ در رقم کنسروالیا و ژنوتیپ D1 شد. از نظر شاخص خسارت تنش شوری بر گیاه، رقم امین و ژنوتیپ Ds8 بدون علائم خسارت تنش شوری بودند و رقم کنسروالیا و ژنوتیپ D1 بیشترین خسارت ناشی از تنش شوری را نشان داد. با توجه نتایج این پژوهش رقم امین و ژنوتیپ Ds8 را به عنوان متحمل، ژنوتیپ امید بخش اوزینه 2 و رقم کرونیکی را به ترتیب نسبتا حساس و حساس و رقم کنسروالیا و ژنوتیپ امید بخش D1 خیلی حساس شناسایی شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Salinity Tolerance in Six Olive (Olea europaea L.) Genotypes in Controlled Environment

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. Zeinanloo
  • M. Dodangeh
  • M. . Tavoosi
Temperate Fruit Research Center, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Limitation of water resources and salinity of water and soil are important factors in the development of olive cultivation and production. Therefore, it is very important to select and introduce salinity tolerant olive cultivars. This study was carried out using six olive cultivars and promising genotypes (Conservolia, Koroneiki, Amin, D1, Ds8 and Ozineh2) and three salinity treatment (0, 50, 200 mMl-1 NaCl) as factorial experiment in completely randomized design with three replications in controlled environment. The results showed that with increasing salinity, the Na+ content increased in roots, stems and leaves tissues. The concentration of Na+, Cl- and K+ in these tissues was affected by salinity levels and olive genotypes. As the salt concentration increased, the potassium content and K+/Na+ ratio significantly decreased in roots, stems and leaves tissues. Transfer of Cl- from root to stem and leaves in susceptible cultivars and genotypes was higher than in tolerant genotypes. Cultivar Conservolia and genotypes and D1 genotype had the lowest leaf area. Salt injury index of showed that cv. Amin and Ds8 genotype had no injury symptom. However cv. Conservolia and D1 genotype showed the greatest injury symptoms by salinity stress. According to the results of this research, cv. Amin and Ds8 genotype were identified as tolerant, Ozineh2 promising genotype relatively susceptible, cv. Koroneiki as susceptible, and cv. Conservolia and D1 genotype as very susceptible to salt stress.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Olive
  • leaf area
  • K+/Na+ ratio
  • sodium chloride
  • salt tolerance index

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نهال و بذر
دوره 36، شماره 3
آذر 1399
صفحه 317-333

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