اثر تاریخ نشاکاری و مرحله رشد گیاهچه بر برخی خصوصیات زراعی عملکرد دانه کلزا (Brassica napus L.) در کرمانشاه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرمانشاه، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

2 موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر و نهال، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

3 گروه مهندسی کشاورزی، مجتمع آموزش عالی میناب، دانشگاه هرمزگان، میناب. ایران

چکیده

به منظور بررسی کشت نشایی کلزا (رقم احمدی) مطالعه‌ای در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اسلام آباد غرب در دو سال زراعی 97-1396 و 98-1397 انجام شد. اثر نشاکاری بر خصوصیات زراعی گیاه در سه تاریخ 25 مهر، 10 آبان و 25 آبان در دو سن گیاهچه‌ای (دو برگی و چهار برگی) به صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. تجزیه واریانس مرکب داده‌های دوساله نشان داد که تاریخ نشاکاری در سطح احتمال یک درصد اثر معنی‌داری بر برخی صفات زراعی مهم کلزا از قبیل عملکرد دانه، تعداد خورجین در بوته، ارتفاع بوته و تعداد روز تا شروع گلدهی و در سطح احتمال پنج درصد بر تعداد دانه در خورجین، درصد روغن دانه داشت. اثر سن گیاهچه نیز بر صفات عملکرد دانه در سطح احتمال یک درصد، تعداد دانه در خورجین و تعداد خورجین در بوته در سطح احتمال پنج درصد معنی-دار بود. نتایج حاکی از برتری سن گیاهچه‌ای چهار برگی نسبت به دو برگی بود به طوری که عملکرد دانه در شرایط انتقال در مرحله چهار برگی 2773 کیلوگرم در هکتار و در مرحله دو برگی 2157 کیلوگرم در هکتار بود. همچنین نشاکاری در تاریخ 25 مهر عملکرد دانه بیشتری را به همراه داشت به طوری که میانگین عملکرد دانه در شرایط انتقال نشاء در تاریخ‌های 25 مهر، 10 آبان و 25 آبان به ترتیب 3158، 2403 و 1834 کیلوگرم در هکتار بود. کشت نشایی کلزا در شرایط کشت تاخیری و با توجه به نتایج این پژوهش در مرحله چهار برگی و تاریخ کاشت 25 مهر برای کرمانشاه و شرایط محیطی مشابه قابل توصیه می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Transplanting Date and Seedling Growth Stage on Some Agronomic Characteristics and Seed Yield of Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) in Kermanshah in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. zareei siahbidi 1
  • H. Jabbari 2
  • A. Rezaei Zad 1
  • A. Asgari 3
1 Field and Horticultural Crops Sciences Research Department, Kermanshah Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Kermanshah, Iran.
2 Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran.
3 Agricultural Engineering Department, Minab Higher Education Center, University of Hormozgan, Minab, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The present study was conducted to investigate oilseed rape transplanting at Islamabad Gharb research station, Islamabad, Iran, in 2017-2019 cropping seasons. A factorial experiment in randomized complete block design with three replications was carried out. Experimental treatments consisted of three transplanting dates; 17th October, 1st November and 16st November, and two seedling growth stages; two and four-leaf stages. The results revealed that transplanting date had significant effect on some traits such as seed yield, seed no. silique-1, silique no. plant-1, plant height, seed oil content and days to flowering. The seedling growth stage had significant effect on seed no. silique-1, silique no. plant-1 and seed yield. The results also showed that transplanting at four-leaf stage was better than two-leaf stage as the seed yield in this stage (2773 kg ha-1) was greater than two-leaf stage (2157 kg ha-1). Transplanting on October 17 produced more seed yield (3158 kg ha-1) than November 01 and November 16 with 2403 kg ha-1 and 1834 kg ha-1, respectively. Considering the results of this research, transplanting of rapeseed can be recommended for delayed planting, at 4-leaf stage and transplanting date on 17 October, in Kermanshah and similar environmental conditions in Iran.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Rapeseed
  • transplanting method
  • silique no. plant-1
  • yield components
  • oil content
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