واکنش عملکرد دانه ژنوتیپ‌های باقلا (Vicia faba L.) به تنش خشکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد گرگان، گرگان، ایران.

2 گروه زراعت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد گرگان، ایران

3 بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گلستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، گرگان، ایران.

4 مؤسسه تحقیقات پنبه کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، گرگان، ایران.

چکیده

در این پژوهش واکنش عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه 21 ژنوتیپ‌ باقلا به تنش خشکی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. آزمایش در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در دو سال زراعی ( 96 -1395 و 97-1396) در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی گرگان اجرا شد. ویژگی‌های زراعی 21 ژنوتیپ باقلا در دو محیط بدون تنش (آبیاری بهینه) و تنش خشکی (قطع آبیاری از آغاز گلدهی) مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. تجزیه واریانس مرکب داده‌ها نشان داد که اثر رژیم آبیاری بر کلیه صفات مورد بررسی به استثنای وزن صددانه معنی‌دار بود. تنش خشکی سبب کاهش 71/59 درصدی عملکرد دانه، 81/31 درصدی عملکرد بیولوژیک و 92/41 درصدی شاخص برداشت شد. برش‌دهی اثر متقابل آبیاری × ژنوتیپ نشان داد در محیط بدون تنش (آبیاری بهینه) ژنوتیپ‌های G-Faba-66، G-Faba-65، G-Faba-62، G-Faba-294، G-Faba-292، G-Faba-523، G-Faba-525 و G-Faba-21 و در تنش خشکی ژنوتیپ‌هایG-Faba-67، G-Faba-66، G-Faba-75، G-Faba-72، G-Faba-65 و G-Faba-62 به ترتیب بیشترین عملکرد دانه را داشتند. بر اساس عملکرد دانه، تعداد دانه در غلاف و شاخص برداشت، ژنوتیپ G-Faba-67 نسبت به سایر ژنوتیپ‌ها تحمل بیشتری نسبت به شرایط تنش خشکی نشان داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Seed Yield Response of Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) Genotypes to Drought Stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Memari 1
  • M.R Dadashi 2
  • F. Sheikh 3
  • E. Faghani 4
1 Department of Agriculture, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran.
2 Department of Agriculture, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran.
3 Field and Horticultural Crops Sciences Research Department, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Cenetr of Golestan, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Gorgan, Iran.
4 Cotton Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Gorgan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The response of seed yield and its components of 21 faba bean genotypes to drought stress was assessed using randomized complete block design with three replications, under two moisture environments; non stress (optimum irrigation) and drought stress (cut off of irrigation form commencement of flowering) and in two cropping seasons (2016-17 and 2018-19) at Gorgan agricultural research station, Gorgan, Iran. Combined analysis of variance showed that moisture environment had significant effect on all studied traits except 100-seed weight. Drought stress caused reduction in seed and biological yields as well as harvest index by 59.71%, 31.81% and 41.92%, respectively. Genotypes; G-Faba-66, G-Faba-65, G-Faba-62, G-Faba-294, G-Faba-292, G-Faba-523, G-Faba-525 and G-Faba-21, under non stress conditions (optimum irrigation), and G-Faba-67, G-Faba-66, G-Faba-75, G-Faba-72, G-Faba-65 and G-Faba-62, under drought stress conditions, had the highest seed yield, respectively. G-Faba-67 showed the highest level of tolerancee to drought stress considering seed yield, number of seed pod-1 and harvest index.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Faba bean
  • harvest index
  • optimum irrigation
  • pod length
  • biological yield

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نهال و بذر
دوره 36، شماره 2
تیر 1399
صفحه 241-254

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