ارزیابی خصوصیات رویشی، زایشی و پومولوژیکی تعدادی از ژنوتیپ های امید بخش زیتون در طارم زنجان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، بخش تحقیقات زراعی باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرمانشاه، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرمانشاه، ایران

2 کارشناس ارشد، بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی زنجان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، زنجان، ایران.

3 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرمانشاه، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

چکیده

زیتون یکی از مهمترین درختان میوه است که دارای تنوع ژنتیکی زیادی در ایران می‌باشد. این آزمایش با هشت ژنوتیپ بومی زیتون با منشاء طارم و گرگان کشت شده در ایستگاه تحقیقات زیتون طارم زنجان به منظور ارزیابی خصوصیات رویشی، زایشی و پومولوژیکی در سال‌های باغی 1392 تا 1394 به اجرا درآمد. مقایسه میانگین‌ها نشان داد صفات رویشی از قبیل ارتفاع درخت، عرض تاج و محیط تنه درخت بین ژنوتیپ‌های زیتون دارای تفاوت معنی‌دار بودند. تعداد گل‌آذین در شاخه، تعداد گل در گل‌آذین، درصد گل کامل و درصد اولیه و نهایی تشکیل میوه در بین ژنوتیپ‌ها تفاوت معنی‌دار مشاهده شد. میانگین وزن میوه ژنوتیپ‌ها با تفاوت معنی‌دار از حدود5/2 تا 8 گرم متغییر بود. عملکرد میوه ژنوتیپ‌ها متفاوت بود به‌طوری‌که ژنوتیپ‌های 2T بالاترین عملکرد (9/6 تن در هکتار) را داشت. تفاوت درصد روغن در ماده خشک در بین ژنوتیپ‌ها معنی‌دار بود و کلیه ژنوتیپ‌ها بیش از 40 درصد روغن در ماده خشک داشتند. ژنوتیپ 7T با میانگین 8/5 تن محصول در سه سال آزمایش و داشتن بیش از 50 درصد روغن در ماده خشک به عنوان یک ژنوتیپ امیدبخش روغنی و ژنوتیپ 2T به عنوان یک ژنوتیپ امیدبخش برای مصرف دو منظوره شناسایی شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Vegetative, Reproductive and Plomological Characteristics of Some Promising Olive Genotypes in Tarom of Zanjan in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • I. Arji 1
  • M. Norizadeh 2
  • K. Mostafavi 2
  • R. Gholami 3
1 Associate Professor, Horticultural and Crops Research Department, Kermanshah Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Kermanshah, Iran
2 Researcher, Field and Horticultural Crops Research Department, Zanjan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Zanjan, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Field and Horticultural Crops Research Department, Kermanshah Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Kermanshah, Iran.
چکیده [English]

This study was conducted to evaluate vegetative, reproductive and pomological characteristics of eight promising olive genotypes, originated from Tarom and Gorgan regions in Iran. Te experiment was carried out in randomized complete block design with three replications in 2013-2015 at Taram olive research station, Tarom, Zanjan, Iran. Results showed that tree height, trunk cross sectional area (TCSA) and canopy width were significantly different among olive genotypes. The number of inflorescence per branch, the number of flower per inflorescence, percentage of complete flowers, percentage of initial and final fruit set were also significantly different among genotypes. Mean fruit weight varied between 2.5 to 8 grams. T2 had the highest (6.9 tonha-1) fruit yield. All genotypes had greater than 40 percent oil content in dry matter. T7 with mean fruit yield of 5.8 tonha-1 and more than 50 percent oil content in dry matter was identified as a promising genotype for olive oil production. T2 was found a suitable genotype for dual purposes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Olive
  • adaptability
  • fruit weight
  • fruit yield
  • oil content

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نهال و بذر
دوره 34، شماره 3
مهر 1397
صفحه 265-285

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