پاسخ ارقام گلابی به حمله سویه‌های جهش‌یافته عامل بیماری آتشک (Erwinia amylovora) بر اساس تولید پراکسیدهیدروژن

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

2 پژوهشکده میوه‌های معتدله و سردسیری، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

3 گروه زیست فناوری صنعت و محیط زیست، پژوهشگاه ملی مهندسی ژنتیک و زیست فناوری، تهران

4 مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

درخت گلابی (Pyrus communis) مهم‌ترین میزبان بیماری آتشک است و واکنش ارقام گلابی نسبت به این بیماری تا حد زیادی به پاسخ‌های میزبان در رابطه با تولید گونه‌های فعال اکسیژن و به‌ویژه پراکسیدهیدروژن وابسته است. به منظور درک بهتر این واکنش‌، در تحقیق حاضر سطح کمّی تولید پراکسیدهیدروژن در ارتباط با نوع واکنش بافت ارقام گلابی در برهمکنش با سویه‌های شاهد باکتریErwinia amylovora و جهش‌یافته‌های hrpN–، hrpW– و dspA/E– در دو شرایط کلروپلاست فعال و غیرفعال در میزبان اندازه‌گیری شد. مقایسه نتایج شاخص‌های سرعت پیشرفت نکروز و سرعت و شدت تولید H2O2 در زمان‌های پس از آلودگی نشان داد که دو پروتئین مؤثره DspA/E و HrpN بیش‌ترین و HrpW کم‌ترین سهم را در بیماری‌زایی و تولید پراکسیدهیدروژن در میزبان داشتند و HrpN در برهمکنش با کلروپلاست میزبان نقش کلیدی داشت. ارزیابی کمّی تأثیر پروتئین‌های مؤثره باکتری روی شاخص‌های تولید پراکسیدهیدروژن نشانگر نقش مکمل پروتئین‌های مؤثره DspA/E و HrpN در ایجاد تنش اکسیداتیو در ارقام گلابی بود. به نظر می‌رسد تنش اکسیداتیو میزبان توسط پروتئین مؤثره HrpN ایجاد و با نقش تکمیلی DspA/E به سطح مخربی برای بافت‌های میزبان افزایش می‌یابد. بر اساس شاخص شدت تولید پراکسیدهیدروژن، توسعه این گونه فعال اکسیژن در میزبان به تنهائی برای ایجاد نکروز کافی نبوده و افزایش شدت به بالاتر از شاخص 3، برای ایجاد نکروز و حساسیت ضروری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Response of Pear Cultivars to Invasion of Mutant Strains of Fire Blight Causal Agent (Erwinia amylovora) Based on H2O2 Generation

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. Taheri Shahrestani 1
  • H. Abdollahi 2
  • B. Yakhchali 3
  • R. Mehrabi 4
  • O. Eini Gandomani 1
1 respectively, Department of Plant Protection, Zanjan University, Zanjan, Iran.
2 Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
3 Industerial and Environmental Biotechnology Department, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran.
4 Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Pear (Pyrus communis), is the most important host of fire blight disease, and the response of pear cultivars to this disease is highly dependent on the host response related to Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) generation especially Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2). In order to have a better understanding of these reactions, quantitative level of H2O2 generation related to tissue response of pear cultivars during interaction with wild type Erwinia amylovora and mutant strains of this bacterium including HrpW–, HrpN– and DspA/E through active and inactive chloroplast was determined in present study. Comparison of results of evaluated indices including necrosis development and severity and percent of H2O2 production in periods of time after inoculation showed that HrpN and DspA/E effector proteins had the highest and HrpW effector protein had the lowest portion in pathogenicity and H2O2 production in host and HrpN had a key role during interaction with host chloroplast. Quantitative evaluation of the bacterial effector proteins on H2O2 generation indicates that HrpN and DspA/E effector proteins hahadve a complementary role in development of oxidative burst in pear cultivars and it seems that oxidative tension of host is caused by HrpN and due to complementary role of DspA/E it reaches to a destructive level for host tissue. Based on severity index of H2O2 Production, just development of this ROS in host is not enough for causing necrosis and increasing of its severity upper than index 3 is essential for necrosis and sensitivity.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Pear
  • fire blight
  • hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)
  • Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
  • electron transport chain
  • Systemic Acquired Resistance (SAR)

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