ارزیابی فنوتیپی و مولکولی تعدادی از لاین‌های پیشرفته و امیدبخش گندم نان نسبت به قارچ Pyrenophora tritici-repentis عامل بیماری لکه خرمایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 جاده ماهدشت مجموعه موسسات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر

2 مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزشو وترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

در این تحقیق مقاومت هشتاد لاین پیشرفته و امیدبخش گندم نان اقلیم گرم و مرطوب شمال کشور نسبت به جدایه P8 (نژاد 8) قارچ P. tritici-repentis عامل بیماری لکه‌خرمایی، در گلخانه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. لاین‌های گندم در سه تکرار در مرحله دوبرگی گیاهچه‌ای با استفاده از کنیدی‌های قارچ مایه‌زنی شدند. از رقم Grandian به عنوان شاهد حساس و رقم BR34 به عنوان شاهد مقاوم استفاده شد. نتایج ارزیابی‌ها نشان داد که از میان بیست لاین امیدبخش سال 1391 تنها لاین ER-N-91-15 و از میان بیست لاین امیدبخش سال 1392 تنها چهار لاین ER-N-92-5، ER-N-92-9، ER-N-92-12 و ER-N-92-20 نسبت به جدایه P8 مقاوم بودند. ارزیابی لاین‌های پیشرفته سال 1392 نیز بیانگر این بود که در بین چهل لاین تنها لاین AR-N-92-39 نسبت به جدایه P8 مقاوم بوده و بقیه لاین‌ها واکنش‌های متفاوتی از نیمه حساس، حساس تا خیلی حساس نشان دادند. واکنش لاین‌های گندم نسبت به تزریق ToxA همراه با غربالگری مولکولی لاین‌ها برای وجود یا عدم وجود ژن حساسیت (Tsn1) نیز بررسی شد. در مجموع حساسیت نوزده لاین نسبت به تزریق ToxA محرز شد. غربالگری با استفاده از پرایمرهای اختصاصی این ژن نشان داد که نکروز حاصل بعد از تزریق ToxA به طور کامل با وجود ژن Tsn1 ارتباط داشت. در مجموع، نتایج به دست آمده از این آزمایش‌ها نشان داد که بیشتر ارقام و لاین‌های گندم مورد بررسی نسبت به این بیمار‌ی حساس بودند که این موضوع می‌تواند به دلیل عدم غربالگری نسبت به این بیماری در طول برنامه‌های به‌نژادی گندم باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Phenotypic and Molecular Evaluation of some Advanced and Elite Bread Wheat Lines to Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, the Causal Agent of Tan Spot Disease

نویسندگان [English]

  • R. Mehrabi 1
  • M. Sarhangi 2
  • E. Alahasani 2
1 Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
2 Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In this study, Advanced Regional Wheat Yield Trials (ARWYT) and Elite Regional Wheat Yield Trials (ERWYT) lines of Northern warm and humid zone were evaluated against Pyrenophora tritici-repentis isolate P8 (race 8), the causal agent of tan spot. Wheat lines were planted in three replications and seedlings were inoculated with the conidia of the isolate at two-leaf stage. Cultivars BR34 and Grandin were used as resistant and susceptible checks, respectively. Evaluation of ERWYT lines of year 2012 (N=20) and 2013 (N=20) showed that only one line ER-N-91-15 (year 2012) and four lines ER-N-92-5, ER-N-92-9, ER-N-92-12 and ER-N-92-20 (year 2013) were resistant to P8 isolate and the remaining lines were moderately susceptible, susceptible or highly susceptible. Furthermore, evaluation of ARWYT lines of year 2013 (AR-N-92) showed that out of 40 lines, only line AR-N-92-39 was resistant to P8 isolate. In addition, the reaction of these lines to ToxA infiltration were evaluated along with PCR screening for the presence or absence of the susceptibility gene, Tsn1. In total, 19 lines were recorded as susceptible to ToxA infiltration assay. PCR screening using gene specific primers showed that the necrosis observed after ToxA infiltration is absolutely correlated with the presence of Tsn1. Generally, the results of this study revealed that most of the wheat genotypes are susceptible to this disease, which is mostly due to lack of screening to the disease during breeding programs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Wheat
  • Wheat tan spot
  • Pyrenophora tritici-repentis
  • disease evaluation
  • ToxA toxin
  • Tsn1 gene

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نهال و بذر
دوره 33، شماره 2
شهریور 1396
صفحه 265-282

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