تعیین خود و دگر(نا) سازگاری برخی ارقام گلابی آسیایی (Pyrus serotina Rehd.) و گلابی‌های اروپایی(P. communis L.) بومی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ترتیب مدرس، تهران

2 گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج

چکیده

برای تعیین خود(نا)‌سازگاری و دگر‌ناسازگاری ارقام گلابی آسیایی و اروپایی موجود در ایران، در این تحقیق طی دو آزمایش جداگانه نه رقم گلابی آسیایی و دو رقم گلابی اروپایی بومی ایران در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی به مدت دو سال (1391 و 1392) در باغ کلکسیون دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران، مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. از روش‌های خود و دگر‌گرده‌‌افشانی‌های کنترل شده در مزرعه و به دنبال آن بررسی رشد لوله‌های گرده در طول خامه با میکروسکوپ فلوئورسنس استفاده شد. درصد تشکیل میوه در 15، 35 و 75 روز بعد از تمام گل شمارش و محاسبه شد. برای بررسی چگونگی رشد لوله گرده، تعدادی گل 48، 72، 96 و 120 ساعت پس از گرده‌افشانی برداشت و در محلول فیکساتور اف. ای. ای. (FAA) تثبیت شدند. نتایج نشان داد که در آزمایش خودگرده‌افشانی در شمارش نهایی بیش‌ترین میزان تشکیل میوه مربوط به رقم KS9 (85/7 درصد) و کم‌ترین میزان مربوط به رقم سبری (صفر درصد) بود. نتایج حاصل از گرده‌افشانی‌های کنترل شده نشان داد که ارقام سبری، شاه‌میوه، KS7 و KS13 خودناسازگار و سایر ارقام مورد بررسی خودسازگار هستند. بر اساس نتایج این تحقیق می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که ارقام KS6، KS12 و KS13 با یک‌دیگر سازگار هستند، زیرا در تلاقی‌های این ارقام با یک‌دیگر درصد تشکیل میوه در شمارش نهایی بیشتر از 98/8 بود و لوله‌های گرده حداکثر تا 96 ساعت پس از گرده‌افشانی به انتهای خامه و تخمک رسیدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Determination of Self and Cross-(In) Compatibility of some Asian Pear (Pyrus serotina Rehd.) and European Pear (Pyrus communis L.) Cultivars Native to Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. Sheiki 1
  • A. Arzani 1
  • M. Kousheshsaba 2
1 Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
2 College of Agriculture, Kurdistan University, Sanandaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In order to determine the self and cross-(in)-compatibility of nine Asian pear and two European pear cultivars native to Iran, two experiments were conducted based on complete randomized block design in two consecutive years (2012-2013). This study was performed in the experimental pear orchard in the Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran. Controlled pollination method was used in orchard and then pollen tube growth analysis by fluorescence microscopy was studied. Fruit set percentage was calculated 15, 35 and 75 days after full bloom. Pollinated flowers were picked 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours after pollination, fixed in FAA solution and stored at 4 ˚C until microscopic studies. Results showed that ‘KS9’ had the highest and ‘Sebri’ the lowest fruit set (7.85 and 0 % respectively). Results of controlled pollinations showed that the cultivars ‘Shahmiveh’, ‘Sebri’, ‘KS13’ and ‘KS7’ were self-incompatible and others were self-compatible.It can be concluded that cultivars ‘KS6’, ‘KS12’ and ‘KS13’ are cross-compatible, because their pollen tubes reached the ovaries 96h after pollination and the final fruit set was more than 8.98%.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Asian pear
  • gametophytic self-incompatibility
  • controlled pollinations
  • fluorescence microscopy
  • pollen tube growth

مراجع

Alizadeh-Salteh, S., Arzani, K., and Imani, A. 2012. Self-incompatibility studies of some Iranian late-blooming almonds and pollen source effect on some characteristics of Nuts. Journal of Nuts 3: 37-44.
 
Austin, P., Hewett, E., Noiton, D., and Plummer, J. 1998. Self incompatibility and temperature affect pollen tube growth in 'Sundrop' apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.). Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology 73: 375-386.
 
Bošković, R., Tobutt, K., Batlle, I., and Duval, H. 1997. Correlation of ribonuclease zymograms and incompatibility genotypes in almond. Euphytica 97: 167-176.
 
Broothaerts, W., Janssens, G. A., Proost, P., and Broekaert, W. F. 1995. cDNA cloning and molecular analysis of two self-incompatibility alleles from apple. Plant Molecular Biology 27: 499-511.
 
Choi, C., Tao, R., and Andersen, R. L. 2002. Identification of self-incompatibility alleles and pollen incompatibility groups in sweet cherry by PCR based S-allele typing and controlled pollination. Euphytica 123(1): 9-20.
 
de Nettancourt, D. 1997. Incompatibility in angiosperms. Sexual Plant Reproduction 10: 185-199.
 
Entani, T., Iwano, M., Shiba, H., Che, F. S., Isogai, A., and Takayama, S. 2003. Comparative analysis of the self‐incompatibility (S‐) locus region of Prunus mume: identification of a pollen‐expressed F‐box gene with allelic diversity. Genes to Cells 8: 203-213.
 
Gharehaghaji, A. N., Arzani, K., Abdollahi, H., Shojaeiyan, A., Dondini, L., and De Franceschi, P. 2014. Genomic characterization of self-incompatibility ribonucleases in the Central Asian pear germplasm and introgression of new alleles from other species of the genus Pyrus. Tree Genetics and Genomes 10: 411-428.
 
Gharehsheykhbayat, R., Dondini, L., and Sansavini, S. 2011. Identification of self-incompatibility alleles in apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) using multi-level approaches. Seed and Plant Improvement Journal 27-1 (3): 411-426 (in Persian).
 
Gu, Q.-Q., Zhang, Q.-L., Hu, H.-J., Chen, Q.-L., and Luo, Z.-R. 2009. Identification of self-incompatibility genotypes in some sand pears (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai.) by PCR-RFLP analysis. Agricultural Sciences in China 8: 154-160.
 
Hajilou, J., Garigurian, V., Mohammadi, S. A., Nazemieh, A., and Bergus, L. 2006. Pollen tube growth and fruit set percentage in two apricot cultivars under self- and cross-pollination conditions. Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology 7(3): 147-156 (in Persian).
 
Hiratsuka, S., and Zhang, S. L. 2002. Relationships between fruit set, pollen-tube growth, and S-RNase concentration in the self-incompatible Japanese pear. Scientia Horticulturae 95: 309-318.
 
Ishimizu, T., Inoue, K., Shimonaka, M., Saito, T., Terai, O., and Norioka, S. 1999. PCR-based method for identifying the S-genotypes of Japanese pear cultivars. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 98: 961-967.
 
Janssens, G., Goderis, I., Broekaert, W., and Broothaerts, W. 1995. A molecular method for S-allele identification in apple based on allele-specific PCR. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 91: 691-698.
 
Kao, T.-h., and Tsukamoto, T. 2004. The molecular and genetic bases of S-RNase-based self-incompatibility. The Plant Cell 16: S72-S83.
 
Kato, M., Kato, S., and Sassa, H. 2012. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of S-RNase fragments for identification of S-genotypes of Japanese pear (Pyrus pyrifolia). Breeding Science 62: 348.
 
Kaufmane, E., and Rumpunen, K. 2002. Pollination, pollen tube growth and fertilization in Japanese quince (Chaenomeles japonica). Scientia Horticulturae 94: 257-271.
 
Knox, R. B., Williams, E. G., and Dumas, C.1986. Pollen, pistil, and reproductive function in crop plants. Plant Breeding Reviews 4: 9-79.
 
Mahmoudi, M., Arzani, K., and Bouzari, N. 2007. Pollination, pollen tube growth and determination of suitable pollinizer for sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) cultivar ‘Ghermez Rezaeieh’.Seed and Plant 23(3): 571-585 (in Persian).
 
McCubbin, A. G., and Kao, T.-h. 2000. Molecular recognition and response in pollen and pistil interactions. Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology 16: 333-364.
 
Milatović, D., and Nikolić, D. 2007. Analysis of self-(in) compatibility in apricot cultivars using fluorescence microscopy. Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology 82: 170-174.
 
Momenpour, A., Ebadi, A., Imani, A., and Rahimi, A. R. 2012. Effect of self and cross pollination on fruit quantity and quality in some self-compatible almond genotype. Journal of Plant Production 18(4): 73-89 (in Persian).
 
Mousavi, S., Arzani, K., and Abdollahi, H. 2012. Determination of self-compatibility and self-incompatibility of some Asian pear (Pyrus serotine Rehd.), European pear (Pyrus communis L.) and local pear cultivars. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Sciences 43(3): 311-321 (in Persian).
 
Nikolić, D., and Milatović, D. 2010. Examining self-compatibility in plum (Prunus domestica L.) by fluorescence microscopy. Genetika 42: 387-396.
 
Nyéki, J., and Buban, T. 1996. Pollination and fertilization. pp. 153-184. In: Nyéki, J., and Soltesz, M. (eds.) Floral Biology of Temperate Zone Fruit Trees and Small Fruit. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary.
 
Nyéki, J., and Soltész, M. 1996. Floral Biology of Temperate Zone Fruit Trees and Small Fruits, Akadémiai Kiadó és Nyomda Vállalat, Budapest, Hungary.
 
Rasouli, M., and Arzani, K. 2010. Effect of pollen source on pollen tube growth and quantitative and qualitative traits of cherry (Prunus aviumL.) cultivar ‘Zard daneshkade’. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Sciences 41(4): 309-318 (in Persian).
 
Rasouli, M., Arzani, K., Imani, A., and Fatahi moghaddam, M. R. 2010. Study of pollination compatibility of some Cherry cultivars with the cultivar ‘Zard Daneshkade’. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Sciences 41(2): 143-152 (in Persian).
 
Sassa, H., Hirano, H., and Ikehashi, H. 1992. Self-incompatibility-related RNases in styles of Japanese pear (Pyrus serotina Rehd.). Plant and Cell Physiology 33: 811-814.
 
Sassa, H., Hirano, H., and Ikehashi, H. 1993. Identification and characterization of stylar glycoproteins associated with self-incompatibility genes of Japanese pear, Pyrus serotina Rehd. Molecular and General Genetics (MGG) 241: 17-25.
 
Sato, Y., Abe, K., Saito, T., and Kotobuki, K. 1992. Selection of S-gene homozygotes and its utilization for S-genotype analysis of ‘Osa-Nijisseiki’. Journal o0f the Japanese Society for Horticultural Sciences 61: 16-17.
 
Sharafi, Y., Hajilou, J., Mohammadi, A., and Dadpour, M. R. 2010. Analysis of compatibility relationships among some almond genotypes using fruit set and fluorescence microscopy. African Journal of Microbiological Research 4: 2079-2085.
 
Tomimoto, Y., Nakazaki, T., Ikehashi, H., Ueno, H., and Hayashi, R. 1996. Analysis of self-incompatibility-related ribonucleases (S-RNases) in two species of pears, Pyrus communis and Pyrus ussuriensis. Scientia Horticulturae 66: 159-167.
 
Ushijima, K., Sassa, H., Dandekar, A. M., Gradziel, T. M., Tao, R., and Hirano, H. 2003. Structural and transcriptional analysis of the self-incompatibility locus of almond: identification of a pollen-expressed F-box gene with haplotype-specific polymorphism. The Plant Cell 15: 771-781.
 
Zeraatgar, H., Davarinizhad, G., and Abdollahi, H. 2012. Determination of suitable pollinizer for som Iranian native pear cultivars. Seed and Plant Production Journal 28-2 (4): 435-448 (in Persian).
 
Zhang, L., Tan, X. F., Wuyun, T. N., Qiu, J., Yuan, D. Y., Wang, Q. R., Cao, Y. F., and Zhang, D. Q. 2007. Identification of new S‐RNase alleles and S‐genotype in two pear species (Pyrus pyrifolia and P. bretschneideri) grown in China by genomic PCR and pollination tests. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Sciences 35: 403-413.
 
 
نهال و بذر
دوره 32، شماره 3
آذر 1395
صفحه 383-400

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار