تنوع ژنتیکی اکوتیپ‌های پونه (Mentha longifolia) در جنوب غرب ایران با استفاده از صفات مورفولوژیکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

3 دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد شهر کرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهر کرد

چکیده

پونه (Mentha longifolia syn. Mentha sylvestris) یکی از گیاهان دارویی و معطر ارزشمند متعلق به خانواده نعناعیان است. به‌منظور بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی پونه‌های جنوب غرب ایران، 35 اکوتیپ از شش استان لرستان، اصفهان، فارس، خوزستان، کهگیلویه و بویراحمد و چهارمحال و بختیاری مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. برای بررسی صفات مورفولوژیکی در زمان گلدهی از هر رویشگاه، ده نمونه گیاهی کامل انتخاب و هفده صفت کمی و کیفی برای هر اکوتیپ بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که تنوع زیادی در بین اکوتیپ‌ها وجود دارد. تجزیه خوشه‌ای، اکوتیپ‌های مورد مطالعه را به چهار گروه مجزا تقسیم کرد. تجزیه به مؤلفه‌ها صفات مؤثر را در چهار گروه قرارداد که درمجموع 5/81 درصد از واریانس کل را توجیه کردند. صفات تعداد شاخه فرعی، تعداد شاخه گل‌دهنده، تعداد گره و تعداد برگ در بوته در مؤلفه اول قرار گرفتند. طول گیاه با صفات قطر شاخه اصلی و تعداد گره همبستگی مثبتی داشت، بنابراین از آن‌ها می‌توان در برنامه‌های به‌نژادی به منظور افزایش عملکرد بهره جست. نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش نشان داد دو اکوتیپ شماره 6 و 13 (لرستان و فارس) به دلیل داشتن صفات مطلوب و درنهایت میزان اسانس بالا، پتانسیل خوبی برای کشت و توسعه زراعی دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Genetic Diversity of Ecotypes of Horse Mint (Mentha longifolia) in Southwest of Iran using Morphological Traits

نویسندگان [English]

  • P. Azarkish 1
  • M. Moghaddam 1
  • J. Vaezi 2
  • A. Ghasemi Pirbalouti 3
  • Gh. Davarinejad 1
1 department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
2 Department of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
3 College of Agriculture, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Horse mint (Mentha longifolia syn. Mentha sylvestris) is one of the valuable medicinal and aromatic plants belongs to Lamiaceae family. To evaluate diversity of horse mint in southwest of Iran, 35 ecotypes from six provinces of Lorestan, Fars, Khuzestan, Isfahan, Kohgilouye va Boyerahmad and Charmahal va Bakhtiari were examined. To assess the morphological traits at flowering stage, ten plants were selected in each habitat and 17 qualitative and quantitative morphological traits for each ecotype were assessed. The results showed that there was a vast diversity among the ecotypes. Cluster analysis divided ecotypes into four groups. Factor analysis classified traits into four major components which justified 81.5 percent of the total of variance. Number of branches, number of flowering shoots, number of nodes and leaf number were the first component. Plant height had a significantly positive correlation with main shoot diameter and number of nodes. Generally, the results of this study showed that ecotypes no. 6 and 13 (Lorestan and Fars) due to good characteristics and high amount of essential oil have good potential for domestication of this species.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • : Horse mint
  • ecotype
  • diversity
  • morphological traits
  • cluster analysis

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نهال و بذر
دوره 32، شماره 3
آذر 1395
صفحه 311-329

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