ارزیابی برخی خصوصیات ریخت شناسی در تعدادی از ژنوتیپ‌های انجیر (Ficus carica L.)

نویسندگان

چکیده

شناسایی و جمع‌آوری ذخایر توارثی هر محصول، اولین کار جهت اجرای برنامه به‌نژادی و معرفی ارقام سازگار در هر منطقه است. به منظور شناسایی و ثبت ژنوتیپ‌های بومی انجیر در استان‌های فارس، مرکزی، لرستان و کرمانشاه سیزده ژنوتیپ انجیر و برانجیر طی سال‌های 1388تا1389مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. ارزیابی54 صفت ریخت شناسی بر اساس دستورالعمل ملی انجام آزمون‌های تمایز، یکنواختی و پایداری انجیر انجام شد. براساس نتایج به دست آمده از تجزیه خوشه‌ای داده‌ها و با در نظر گرفتن شباهت 50 درصد، ژنوتیپ‌های انجیر مورد بررسی به پنج گروه اصلی تقسیم شدند. در این تقسیم‌بندی بیشترین شباهت بین ژنوتیپ‌های سبز و رونو و کمترین آن بین ژنوتیپ‌های سبز و سیاه درشت از استان فارس وجود داشت. نتایج نشان داد 27 صفت از صفات ارزیابی شده توانایی کافی درجدا کردن ژنوتیپ‌های مورد نظر را دارند و برای شناسایی هر ژنوتیپ صفت یا صفات کلیدی تعیین شد. موارد کاربردی نتایج این پژوهش، استفاده از صفات ریخت شناسی در تفکیک ارقام مختلط در باغ‌ها و کلکسیون‌ها، معرفی صفات کلیدی هر رقم برای تشخیص آسان و سریع، انتخاب والدین برای تلاقی در برنامه‌های به‌نژادی و تسهیل شناسایی مولکولی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Morphological Characteristics in some Fig (Ficus carica L.) Genotypes

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Jafari
  • H. Zare
  • Gh. Golkar
  • , L. Jokar
  • Z. Tabatabaei
چکیده [English]

Identification and collection of germplasm of each crop is the first step in breeding programs and introducing adapted cultivars in each region. This study was carried out to characterized and register thirteen fig and caprifig genotypes in Fars, Markazi, Lorestan and Kermanshah provinces during 2009 to 2010. Fifty four morphological characters were evaluated based on National Distinction Tests Guidelines of Uniformity and stability of fig genotypes. Based on the results of the data cluster analysis and considering of the 50% similarities, studied fig genotypes were classified into five groups. In this classification, the highest similarity was between Sabz and Rono and the lowest between Sabz and Siah-e-Dorosht genotypes. The results also showed that 27 evaluated characters had the ability for separating the desirable genotypes, and key characters were determined for identification of each genotype. Practical cases of these results are the use of morphological characters for separation of complex cultivars in orchards and collections, introduction of key characters of each genotypes for easy and quick diagnosis, selection of parents for crosses in breeding programs and molecular identification facilitating.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fig
  • genotypes
  • Morphological characters
  • fruit characterization
  • key characters
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