تنوع ژنتیکی ژنوتیپ‌های گندم دوروم با استفاده ازخصوصیات زراعی و مارکرهای مولکولی

نویسندگان

مؤسسه تحقیقات کشاورزی دیم، سرارود، کرمانشاه

چکیده

این تحقیق به منظور بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی در 25 ژنوتیپ گندم (21 لاین اصلاحی گندم دوروم، دو رقم بومی گندم دوروم به نام‌های زردک و گردیش، رقم گندم دوروم ساجی و رقم گندم نان سرداری) بر اساس صفات زراعی و فیزیولوژیکی در شرایط دیم در مزرعه تحقیقاتی معاونت موسسه تحقیقات کشاورزی دیم (ایستگاه سرارود) در سال زراعی 91-1390 انجام شد. ژنوتیپ‌های مورد بررسی همچنین از نظر صفات مرتبط با مارکرهای مولکولی در آزمایشگاه بیوتکنولوژی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرمانشاه مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. نتایج تجزیه واریانس و مقایسه میانگین‌ها نشان داد که اختلاف معنی‌داری بین ژنوتیپ‌ها برای اکثر صفات مورد بررسی وجود داشت. ژنوتیپ‌های شماره 11 (18E-BCRIS/BICUM) و 10 (18E-CBC 509 CHILES/SOMAT_301) به ترتیب بیشترین و کمترین عملکرد دانه را نشان دادند. تجزیه کلاستر و تابع تشخیص بر اساس صفات وارد شده در مدل رگرسیون عملکرد دانه ژنوتیپ‌ها را در چهار کلاس گروه‌بندی کردند. در ارزیابی تنوع ژنتیکی ژنوتیپ‌ها با استفاده از مارکرهای ISSR از یازده پرایمر مختلف استفاده شد که بیشترین مقدار شاخص محتوای اطلاعات چندشکلی (PIC) مربوط به پرایمر 6 (36/0) و کمترین آن مربوط به پرایمرهای 1 و 5 (22/0) بود. تجزیه خوشه‌ای به روش UPGMA و بر اساس ضریب تشابه دایس ژنوتیپ‌ها را در سه گروه دسته‌بندی کرد که ژنوتیپ شماره 25 (شاهد گندم نان) در یک گروه کاملاً جداگانه با فاصله زیادی از سایر گروه‌ها قرارگرفت. تجزیه خوشه‌ای براساس ضریب تشابه دایس نشان داد بیشترین ضریب تشابه بین ژنوتیپ‌های 9 (18E-CAMAYO) و10 و کمترین ضریب تشابه بین ژنوتیپ‌های 1 (18E-SORA/2*PLATA) و 25 (سرداری) بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Genetic Diversity of Durum Wheat Genotypes Using Agronomic Characteristics and Molecular Markers

نویسندگان [English]

  • R. Alvandi
  • R. Mohammadi
  • L. Shooshtari
چکیده [English]

This research was undertaken to study genetic diversity among 25 wheat genotypes (21 durum wheat breeding lines, two durum wheat landraces Zardak and Gerdish, Saji durum wheat cultivar and Sardari bread wheat landrace) based on agro-physiological traits under rainfed conditions in research farm of Dryland Agricultural Research Sub-Institute (Sararood station) during 2011-12 cropping season. The genotypes were also investigated based on molecular markers in biotechnology laboratory of Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran. The results of ANOVA and mean comparisons indicated significant differences among genotypes for most of the studied traits. Genotypes No. 11 (18E-BCRIS/BICUM) and 10 (18E-BCB509CHILE/SOMAT-3.1) had the highest and lowest yield productivity, respectively. Cluster and discriminate analyses, based on the traits entered in stepwise regression analysis, classified the genotypes in four groups. Evaluation of genetic diversity by eleven ISSR primers indicated that the most polymorphic information content (PIC) belonged to primer No.6 (PIC = 0.36) and the least one belonged to primers No.1 and 5 (PIC = 0.22). Cluster analysis using UPGMA and based on dice similarity coefficient (DSC) classified the genotypes in three major groups, where the genotype No.25 (Sardari bread wheat) was classified in a distinct group. Based on DSC, the genotypes No. 9 (18E- CAMAYO) and 10 had the highest similarity coefficient and the least one was observed between the genotypes No.1 (18E-SORA/2*PLATA) and 25 (Sardari).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Durum wheat
  • Genetic diversity
  • agro-physiological traits
  • ISSR
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