تاثیر تنش خشکی بر اثر ژن و قابلیت ترکیب لاین‌های ذرت دانه‌ای

نویسندگان

1 مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل

2 مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، کرج

چکیده

در این بررسی، 36 ترکیب حاصل از تلاقی دو تستر K3653/2 (متحمل به خشکی) و K3615/1 (حساس به خشکی)) با 18 لاین براساس مدل لاین× تستر، در دو شرایط آبیاری کامل و شرایط قطع آبیاری در دوره پر شدن دانه در دو آزمایش جدا در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار به مدت دو سال در ایستگاه تحقیقاتی مغان مورد مقایسه قرار گرفتند. نتایج برآورد اثر ژن‌ها با تجزیه لاین × تستر نشان داد هر دو اثر افزایشی و غالبیت در کنترل عملکرد دانه و اکثر صفات زراعی نقش داشتند. برآورد نسبت ترکیب‌پذیری عمومی به خصوصی نشان داد نقش واریانس غالبیت در کنترل عملکرد دانه مهم‌تر است. تخمین ترکیب پذیری لاین‌ها و تسترها به منظور شناسایی ترکیب شونده مطلوب و مفید در هر دو شرایط آبیاری کامل و تنش خشکی نشان داد که لاین‌ها و تسترها برای عملکرد دانه، ترکیب‌پذیری عمومی معنی‌دار و متفاوتی داشتند. در دو شرایط مختلف روند چندان مشابهی در ترکیب‌پذیری لاین‌ها مشاهده نشد. لاین‌های L8، L11 و L17 در شرایط آبیاری نرمال و لاین‌های L1، L16 و L17 در شرایط قطع آب در مرحله پرشدن دانه، از نظر عملکرد ترکیب‌پذیری عمومی مثبت معنی‌دار و بهتری داشتند. تستر K3653/2 در شرایط نرمال و تنش خشکی ترکیب‌پذیری عمومی مثبت و معنی‌دار داشت. تلاقی‌های L1×T1، L4×T1 و L8×T1 در شرایط نرمال و تلاقی L9×T2 در شرایط تنش از نظر عملکرد ترکیب‌پذیری خصوصی مثبت معنی‌دار داشتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Drought Stress Effects on Gene Action and Combining Ability of Maize Inbred Lines

نویسندگان [English]

  • R. Choukan 2
  • R. T. Aliyev
چکیده [English]

This study was carried out to investigate the genetic structure of the 36 maize hybrids established from eighteen female lines and two male testers according to line × tester method under normal irrigation and drought stress conditions. Two separate experiments, normal irrigation and drought stress at grain filling stage were performed in Moghan for two years, using a RBCD with three replications. The results showed that the effect of gene action could be both non-additive and additive in the expression of grain yield under both conditions. However, GCA/SCA variance ratio revealed that non-additive genetic variance was more important for grain yield than additive variance. Analysis of general combining ability indicated that the variation of combining ability of lines in non-water stress condition was higher than that in water stress condition. The reactions of general combining ability of lines in both conditions were not similar. Lines L8, L11 and L17 in normal irrigation and lines L15, L16 and L17 in stress condition showed better general combining abilities for grain yield. The K3653/2 tester showed better general combining abilities for grain yield in both conditions. The crosses such as L1×T1, L4×T1 and L8×T1 in normal irrigation condition and L9×T2 in drought stress condition showed better specific combining abilities for grain yield.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Maize general and specific combining ability
  • Hybrid
  • Water stress
  • additive effects
  • dominant effects

مراجع

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نهال و بذر
دوره 31، شماره 3
مهر 1394
صفحه 421-440

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