Evaluation of Agro-Physiological Traits of Bean Genotypes Under Drought Stress and Non-Stress Conditions at Reproductive Stage

Authors

Abstract

In order to evaluate eight bean genotypes for drought tolerance, an experiment in randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted at the Agricultural Research Station of Islamic Azad University of Tabriz, Iran in 2014. Drought stress was applied by cutting irrigation for two week at pod filling stage. Results of analysis of variance showed significant differences among genotypes in terms of stomata resistance, number of pods per plant,weight of dry pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, plant dry weight, 100 seed weight, seed yield per plant, biological yield per plant and leaf area index at 1% and harvest index at 5% probability levels. Weight of dry pods per plant had the highest correlation with seed yield (r = 0.89). In regression analysis for seed yield, number of seeds per pod, 100 seed weight, leaf area index and weight of dry pods per plant as effective traits were entered into the model. Path analysis for seed yield showed that number of seeds per pod, weight of dry pods per plant,100 seed weight and leaf area index had the maximum influence on the seed yield, respectively. The maximum Crop Growth Rate (CGR) and maximum Relative Growth Rate (RGR) in drought stress and non-stress conditions were recorded in Goli cultivar. According to GMP, MP, STI, and HARM indices, Goli cultivar was evaluated as the most tolerant genotype.

Keywords


Arnon, D. I. 1949. Copper enzymes in isolation chloroplast phenoloxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiology 24: 1-15.## Blum, A. 1988. Plant Breeding for Stress Environments. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA.## Costa-Franca, M. G., Thi, A. T., Pimentel, C., Pereyra, R. O., Zuily-Fodil, Y., and Laffray, D. 2000. Differences in growth and water relations among Phaseolus vulgaris cultivars in response to induced drought stress. Environmental and Experimental Botang 43: 227-237.## Debaeke, P., and Abdellah, A. 2004. Adaptation of crop management to water limited environments. European Journal of Agronomy 21: 433-446.## Dursun, A. 2007. Variability, heritability and correlation studies in common bean genotypes. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences 4(1): 12-16.## Ebrahimi, M., Bihamta, M. R., Hosseinzadeh, A. H., Khiyalparast, F., and Golpashi, M. 2010. Evaluation of reaction yield and yield components of white bean genotypes under water stress. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research 8(2): 347-358. (in Persian).## Farajzade, N. 2011. Reaction of bean genotypes in viewpoint of physiologic characters to drought stress at flowering stage, M. Sc. Thesis, College of Agriculture, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran. 122 pp. (in Persian).## Fernandez, G. C. J. 1992. Effective selection criteria for assessing plant stress tolerance. pp. 257-270. In: Kuo, C. G. (ed.). Proceedings of the International Symposium on Adaptation of Vegetables and other Food Crops in Temperature and Water Stress. AVRDC Publication, Taiwan. ## Fraham, M. A., Rosas, J. C., Mayek- Peraz, N., Lopez- Salinas, E., Acosta- Gollegos, A., and Kelly, J. P. 2004. Breeding beans for resistance to terminal drought in the low land tropics. Euphytica 136 (2): 223-232.## Ghasemi Golezani, K., Mohammadi, S., Rahimzadeh, P., and Moghaddam, M. 1997. Quantitative connection between density and yield of three chickpea cultivars on different planting dates. Journal of Plant Physiology and Breeding 7: 59-73 (in Persian).## Graham, P. H., and Ranalli, P. 1997. Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Field Crops Research 53: 131-146.## Halterlein, A. J. 1983. Bean. pp. 175-185. In: Teare, I. D., and Peet, M. M. (eds.). Crop Water Relations. John Wiley and Sons Inc., New York, USA.## Hungria, M., Andrade, D. de S., Chueire L. M. de O., Probanza, A., Guttierrez-Manero, F. J., and Megias, M. 2000. Isolation and characterization of new efficient and competitive bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) rhizobia from Brazil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 32: 1515-1528.## Karimi, M. M., and Siddique, K. H. M. 1991. Crop growth and relative growth rate of old and modern wheat cultivars. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 42: 13-20.## Koocheki, A., and Banayaneaval, M.1995. Planting Grains, Third ed. Mashhad Jahad-e- Daneshgahi Publications, Mashhad, Iran (in Persian).## Koocheki, A. R., Yazdansepas, A., and Nikkhah, H. R. 2006. Effect of terminal drought on grain yield and some morphological traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences 8: 14-29 (in Persian).## Latifi, N. 1994. Planting Soybean. Mashhad Jahad-e-Daneshgahi Publications, Mashhad, Iran (in Persian). ## Sajedi, N., and Ardakani, M. R. 2008. Effect of different rates of nitrogen, zinc and ferro fertilizers on physiologic indices of corn in markazi province. 2008. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research 8(1): 347-358. (in Persian).## Schneider, K. A., Rosales-Serna, R., Ibarra-Pere, F., Cazares-Enriquez, B., Acosta-Gallegos, P., Ramirez-Vallejo, J. A., Wassimi, N., and Kelly, J. D. 2004. Improving common bean performance under drought stress. Crop Science 37: 43-50.## Sivakumar, M. V. K., and Shaw, R. H. 1978. Methods of growth analysis in field grown soybean (Glycine max L. Merill). Annals of Botany 42: 213-222.## Tavakoli, H., Karimi, M., and Mousavi, S. F. 1989. Effect of irrigation regimes on vegetative and reproductive components of corn. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 22: 35-46 (in Persian).## Yucel, D. O., Anlorrsal, A. E., and Yucel, C. 2006. Genetic variability, correleation and path analysis of chick pea. Turkish Journal of Agriculture 24: 183-188.##