Evaluation of Phenotypic Resistance to Rusts in some Iranian Wheat Genotypes in Greenhouse and Field Conditions

Authors

Abstract

Rusts are important diseases of wheat in case of economy and distribution in the world and use of resistant cultivars is the best method to control them. In the present study, reaction of 124 Iranian wheat genotypes were evaluated against five dominant isolates of each yellow rust (YR), leaf rust (LR) and stem rust (SR) at seedling stage. All genotypes were also evaluated at adult plant stage in field and area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) was calculated for them. The results showed that from 124 genotypes, 35, 24 and 7 genotypes were resistant to all isolates of YR, LR and Sr respectively. Line N-87-13 was resistant to all three rusts. Line M-87-18 that carries Lr24/Sr24 genes showed resistance reaction to leaf and stem rust isolates. Nine genotypes DM-84-3, DM-79-2, M-86-5, N-87-13, Arta, Dena, Bahar, Sepahan and Sivand were resistant to all YR and LR isolates. Five genotypes N-86-4, N-87-4, N-87-13, WS-86-8 and SS-85-20 showed resistance reaction to all isolates of YR and SR. Totally, 28% of genotypes were resistant to YR, 19% to LR and 5% to SR isolates. Twenty-nine genotypes were known carrying resistance gene Lr34 showed low levels of AUDPD in field. Based on the reaction of cultivar Aflak and line M-85-7 to LR both at seedling and adult plant stages, it seems that they may carry other adult plant resistance gene (s) in addition to Lr34.

Keywords


References Bolton, M. D., Kolmer, J. A., and Garvin, D. F. 2008. Wheat leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina. Molecular Plant Pathology 9(5): 563–575. Dadrezaei, S. T., and Nazari. K. 2015. Detection of wheat rust resistance genes in some of the Iranian wheat genotypes by molecular markers. Seed and Plant Improvement Journal 31-1: 163-187 (in Persian). Dadrezaei, S. T., Mohammadi Goltappeh, E., Afshari, F., and Nazari, K. 2012. Pathotypes and physiologic races of Puccinia triticina Erik\'s. The causal agent of wheat leaf rust and their distribution in Iran in 2009 and 2010. Seed and Plant Improvement Journal 28-1: 685-715 (in Persian). Goyeau, H., Park, R., Schaeffer, B., and Lannou, C. 2006. Distributions of pathotypes with regard to host cultivars in french wheat leaf rust populations. Phytopathology 96(3): 264–273. Hanzalova, A., Sumíková, T., and Bartos, P. 2009. Determination of leaf rust resistance genes Lr10, Lr26 and Lr37 by molecular markers in wheat cultivars registered in the Czech Republic. Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant-Breeding 45: 79-84. Herrera-Foessel, S.A., Lagudah, E.S., Huerta-Espino, J., Hayden, M.J., Bariana, H. S., Singh, D., and Singh, R. P. 2011. New slow-rusting leaf rust and stripe rust resistance genes Lr67 and Yr46 in wheat are pleiotropic or closely linked. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 122: 239–249. Khodarahmi, M., Mohammadi, S. A., Bihamta, M. R., Majidi Heravan, E., and Jalal Kamali M. R. 2014. Inheritance and combining ability of ‎Yellow rust resistance in some bread wheat commercial cultivars and advanced lines. Seed and Plant Improvement Journal 30-1 (3): 531-544 (in Persian). Kolmer, J. A. 2005. Tracking wheat rust on a continental scale. Current Opinions in Plant Biology 8: 441-449. Kolmer, J.A., Singh, R.P., Garvin, D.F., V iccars, L., William, H.M., Huerta-Espino, J., O gbonnaya, F.C., Raman, H., Orford, S., Bariana, H.S., and Lagudah, E.S. 2008. Analysis of the Lr34/Yr18 rust resistance region in wheat germplasm. Crop Science 48: 1841-1852. Krattinger, S. G., Lagudah, E. S., Spielmeyer, W., Singh, R. P., Huerta-Espino, J., and McFadden, H. 2009. A putative ABC transporter confers durable resistance to multiple fungal pathogens in wheat. Science 323(5919): 1360– 1363. Lagudah, E.S. 2010. Molecular genetics of race non-specific rust resistance in wheat. BGRI 2010 Technical Workshop, 30-31- May 2010, St. Petersburg, Russia. McDonald, B.A., and Linde, C.C. 2002. Pathogen population genetics evolutionary potential and durable resistance. Annual Review of Phytopathology 40: 349-379. McIntosh, R. A. 1988. The role of specific genes in breeding for durable stem rust resistance in wheat and triticale. pp. 1-9. In: Simmonds, N.W., and Rajaram, S. (eds.). Breeding Strategies for Resistance to the Rusts of Wheat. CIMMYT, Mexico, D.F., Mexico. McIntosh, R.A., Wellings, C.R., and Park, R.F. 1995. Wheat Rusts: An Altas of Resistance Genes. Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands. McNeal, F.H., Konzak, C.F., Smith, E.P., Tate, W.S., and Russell, T.S. 1971. A uniform system for recording and processing cereal research data. Agricultural Research Service Bulletin (United States Department of Agriculture) Washington, USA. pp. 34-121. Oelk, L.M., and Kolmer, J.A. 2004. Characterization of leaf rust resistance in hard red spring wheat cultivars. Plant Disease 88 (10): 1127-1133. Omrani, A., Khodarahmi, M., and Afshari, F. 2013. Evaluation of resistance to yellow rust in some wheat advanced lines. Seed and Plant Improvement Journal 29-1 (4): 761-776 (in Persian). Park, R. F., Goyeau, H., Felsenstein, F. G., Bartoš, P., and Zeller, F. J. 2001. Regional phenotypic diversity of Puccinia triticina and wheat host resistance in Western Europe, 1995. Euphytica 122: 113–127. Patpour, M., Nazari, K., Alavi, S. M., and Mousavi, A. 2014. Detection of resistance sources to Iranian prevalent stem rust races in commercial wheat cultivars. Seed and Plant Improvement Journal 30-1: 133-154 (in Persian). Peterson, R. F., Campbell, A .B., and Hannah, A.E. 1948. A diagrammatic scale for estimating rust intensity of leaves and stems of cereals .Canadian Journal of Research 26: 496-500. Rajaram, S., Singh, R. P., and Torres, E. 1988. Current CIMMYT approaches in breeding wheat for rust resistance. pp. 101-118. In: Simmonds, N.W., and Rajaram, S. (eds.). Breeding Strategies for Resistance to the Rusts of Wheat. CIMMYT, Mexico, D.F., Mexico. Roelfs, A. P., Singh, R. P., and Saari, E. E. 1992. Rust Disease of Wheat: Concepts and Methods of Disease Management. CIMMYT, Mexico, D.F., Mexico. Sears, E.R. 1977. An induced mutant with homoeologous pairing in common wheat. Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology 19: 585-593. Singh, R.P. 1992. Association between gene Lr34 for leaf rust resistance and leaf tip necrosis in wheat. Crop Science 32: 874-878. Singh, R.P., Mujeebkazi, A., and Huerta-Espino, J. 1998. Lr46: A gene conferring slow rusting resistance to leaf rust in wheat. Phytopathology 88: 890–894. Singh, R.P., and Rajaram, S. 1994. Genetics of adult plant resistance to stripe rust in ten spring bread wheats. Euphytica 72: 1-7. Torabi, M., Mardoukhi, V., Froutan, A., Aliramaei, M., Dadrezaie, S. T., Akbari Moghaddam, H., Rajaei, S., and Azimi, H. 2003. Virulence genes of Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici, the causal agent of wheat leaf rust in some regions of Iran during 1995-1999. Seed and Plant 18: 432-449 (in Persian). Wellings, C. R. 1986. Pathogen Studies of Wheat Stripe Rust in Australia. PhD Thesis, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. Xu, X., Bai, G., Carver, B.F., Shaner, G.E., and Hunger, R. M. 2005. Molecular characterization of slow leaf rusting resistance in wheat. Crop Science 45: 758-765.