Genetic Diversity of Durum Wheat Genotypes Using Agronomic Characteristics and Molecular Markers

Authors

Abstract

This research was undertaken to study genetic diversity among 25 wheat genotypes (21 durum wheat breeding lines, two durum wheat landraces Zardak and Gerdish, Saji durum wheat cultivar and Sardari bread wheat landrace) based on agro-physiological traits under rainfed conditions in research farm of Dryland Agricultural Research Sub-Institute (Sararood station) during 2011-12 cropping season. The genotypes were also investigated based on molecular markers in biotechnology laboratory of Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran. The results of ANOVA and mean comparisons indicated significant differences among genotypes for most of the studied traits. Genotypes No. 11 (18E-BCRIS/BICUM) and 10 (18E-BCB509CHILE/SOMAT-3.1) had the highest and lowest yield productivity, respectively. Cluster and discriminate analyses, based on the traits entered in stepwise regression analysis, classified the genotypes in four groups. Evaluation of genetic diversity by eleven ISSR primers indicated that the most polymorphic information content (PIC) belonged to primer No.6 (PIC = 0.36) and the least one belonged to primers No.1 and 5 (PIC = 0.22). Cluster analysis using UPGMA and based on dice similarity coefficient (DSC) classified the genotypes in three major groups, where the genotype No.25 (Sardari bread wheat) was classified in a distinct group. Based on DSC, the genotypes No. 9 (18E- CAMAYO) and 10 had the highest similarity coefficient and the least one was observed between the genotypes No.1 (18E-SORA/2*PLATA) and 25 (Sardari).

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